生成多边形以填充3D线图

演示如何创建填充线图下空间的多边形。 在这个例子中，多边形是半透明的，产生一种“锯齿状的彩色玻璃”效果。

生成多边形以填充3D线图示例

  1. # This import registers the 3D projection, but is otherwise unused.
  2. from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D  # noqa: F401 unused import
  4. from matplotlib.collections import PolyCollection
  5. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  6. from matplotlib import colors as mcolors
  7. import numpy as np
  9. # Fixing random state for reproducibility
  10. np.random.seed(19680801)
  13. def cc(arg):
  14.     '''
  15.     Shorthand to convert 'named' colors to rgba format at 60% opacity.
  16.     '''
  17.     return mcolors.to_rgba(arg, alpha=0.6)
  20. def polygon_under_graph(xlist, ylist):
  21.     '''
  22.     Construct the vertex list which defines the polygon filling the space under
  23.     the (xlist, ylist) line graph.  Assumes the xs are in ascending order.
  24.     '''
  25.     return [(xlist[0], 0.), *zip(xlist, ylist), (xlist[-1], 0.)]
  28. fig = plt.figure()
  29. ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
  31. # Make verts a list, verts[i] will be a list of (x,y) pairs defining polygon i
  32. verts = []
  34. # Set up the x sequence
  35. xs = np.linspace(0., 10., 26)
  37. # The ith polygon will appear on the plane y = zs[i]
  38. zs = range(4)
  40. for i in zs:
  41.     ys = np.random.rand(len(xs))
  42.     verts.append(polygon_under_graph(xs, ys))
  44. poly = PolyCollection(verts, facecolors=[cc('r'), cc('g'), cc('b'), cc('y')])
  45. ax.add_collection3d(poly, zs=zs, zdir='y')
  47. ax.set_xlabel('X')
  48. ax.set_ylabel('Y')
  49. ax.set_zlabel('Z')
  50. ax.set_xlim(0, 10)
  51. ax.set_ylim(-1, 4)
  52. ax.set_zlim(0, 1)
  54. plt.show()

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