插入定位器演示

inset_locator 的 inset_axes 允许通过指定宽度和高度以及可选地将位置(Loc)接受位置作为代码(类似于图例)，轻松地在轴的角中放置插入。默认情况下，通过“边界板”(BorderPad)参数控制的内嵌与轴之间的某些点偏移。

  1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  2. from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes
  5. fig, (ax, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=[5.5, 2.8])
  7. # Create inset of width 1.3 inches and height 0.9 inches
  8. # at the default upper right location
  9. axins = inset_axes(ax, width=1.3, height=0.9)
  11. # Create inset of width 30% and height 40% of the parent axes' bounding box
  12. # at the lower left corner (loc=3)
  13. axins2 = inset_axes(ax, width="30%", height="40%", loc=3)
  15. # Create inset of mixed specifications in the second subplot;
  16. # width is 30% of parent axes' bounding box and
  17. # height is 1 inch at the upper left corner (loc=2)
  18. axins3 = inset_axes(ax2, width="30%", height=1., loc=2)
  20. # Create an inset in the lower right corner (loc=4) with borderpad=1, i.e.
  21. # 10 points padding (as 10pt is the default fontsize) to the parent axes
  22. axins4 = inset_axes(ax2, width="20%", height="20%", loc=4, borderpad=1)
  24. # Turn ticklabels of insets off
  25. for axi in [axins, axins2, axins3, axins4]:
  26.     axi.tick_params(labelleft=False, labelbottom=False)
  28. plt.show()

插入定位器演示

参数bbox_to_anchor 和 bbox_transfrom 可用于对插入位置和大小进行更细粒度的控制，甚至可以将插入位置置于完全任意位置。bbox_to_anchor 根据 bbox_transform 设置坐标中的边界框。

  1. fig = plt.figure(figsize=[5.5, 2.8])
  2. ax = fig.add_subplot(121)
  4. # We use the axes transform as bbox_transform. Therefore the bounding box
  5. # needs to be specified in axes coordinates ((0,0) is the lower left corner
  6. # of the axes, (1,1) is the upper right corner).
  7. # The bounding box (.2, .4, .6, .5) starts at (.2,.4) and ranges to (.8,.9)
  8. # in those coordinates.
  9. # Inside of this bounding box an inset of half the bounding box' width and
  10. # three quarters of the bounding box' height is created. The lower left corner
  11. # of the inset is aligned to the lower left corner of the bounding box (loc=3).
  12. # The inset is then offset by the default 0.5 in units of the font size.
  14. axins = inset_axes(ax, width="50%", height="75%",
  15.                    bbox_to_anchor=(.2, .4, .6, .5),
  16.                    bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=3)
  18. # For visualization purposes we mark the bounding box by a rectangle
  19. ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((.2, .4), .6, .5, ls="--", ec="c", fc="None",
  20.                            transform=ax.transAxes))
  22. # We set the axis limits to something other than the default, in order to not
  23. # distract from the fact that axes coodinates are used here.
  24. ax.axis([0, 10, 0, 10])
  27. # Note how the two following insets are created at the same positions, one by
  28. # use of the default parent axes' bbox and the other via a bbox in axes
  29. # coordinates and the respective transform.
  30. ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222)
  31. axins2 = inset_axes(ax2, width="30%", height="50%")
  33. ax3 = fig.add_subplot(224)
  34. axins3 = inset_axes(ax3, width="100%", height="100%",
  35.                     bbox_to_anchor=(.7, .5, .3, .5),
  36.                     bbox_transform=ax3.transAxes)
  38. # For visualization purposes we mark the bounding box by a rectangle
  39. ax2.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((0, 0), 1, 1, ls="--", lw=2, ec="c", fc="None"))
  40. ax3.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((.7, .5), .3, .5, ls="--", lw=2,
  41.                             ec="c", fc="None"))
  43. # Turn ticklabels off
  44. for axi in [axins2, axins3, ax2, ax3]:
  45.     axi.tick_params(labelleft=False, labelbottom=False)
  47. plt.show()

插入定位器演示2

在上述方法中，使用了轴变换和4元组边界框，因为它主要用于指定相对于其所插入的轴的插入值。但是，其他用例也是可能的。下面的示例检查其中一些。

  1. fig = plt.figure(figsize=[5.5, 2.8])
  2. ax = fig.add_subplot(131)
  4. # Create an inset outside the axes
  5. axins = inset_axes(ax, width="100%", height="100%",
  6.                    bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, .6, .5, .4),
  7.                    bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=2, borderpad=0)
  8. axins.tick_params(left=False, right=True, labelleft=False, labelright=True)
  10. # Create an inset with a 2-tuple bounding box. Note that this creates a
  11. # bbox without extent. This hence only makes sense when specifying
  12. # width and height in absolute units (inches).
  13. axins2 = inset_axes(ax, width=0.5, height=0.4,
  14.                     bbox_to_anchor=(0.33, 0.25),
  15.                     bbox_transform=ax.transAxes, loc=3, borderpad=0)
  18. ax2 = fig.add_subplot(133)
  19. ax2.set_xscale("log")
  20. ax2.axis([1e-6, 1e6, -2, 6])
  22. # Create inset in data coordinates using ax.transData as transform
  23. axins3 = inset_axes(ax2, width="100%", height="100%",
  24.                     bbox_to_anchor=(1e-2, 2, 1e3, 3),
  25.                     bbox_transform=ax2.transData, loc=2, borderpad=0)
  27. # Create an inset horizontally centered in figure coordinates and vertically
  28. # bound to line up with the axes.
  29. from matplotlib.transforms import blended_transform_factory
  30. transform = blended_transform_factory(fig.transFigure, ax2.transAxes)
  31. axins4 = inset_axes(ax2, width="16%", height="34%",
  32.                     bbox_to_anchor=(0, 0, 1, 1),
  33.                     bbox_transform=transform, loc=8, borderpad=0)
  35. plt.show()

插入定位器演示3

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