Go 文件读写操作

使用io/ioutil进行读写文件

ioutil提供了两个方法：

func ReadFile(filename string) ([]byte, error)

func WriteFile(filename string, data []byte, perm os.FileMode) error

读文件

package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
)
func main() {
    b, err := ioutil.ReadFile("e:/tt.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(b)
    str := string(b)
    fmt.Println(str)
}

写文件

package main
import (
    "io/ioutil"
)
func check(e error) {
    if e != nil {
        panic(e)
    }
}
func main() {
    d1 := []byte("hello\ngo\n")
    err := ioutil.WriteFile("e:tt2.txt", d1, 0644)
    check(err)
}

使用OS进行读写文件

os包提供了两个方法：
func Open

func Open(name string) (*File, error)

读文件

fi, err := os.Open(path)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer fi.Close()

func OpenFile
需要提供文件路径、打开模式、文件权限

func OpenFile(name string, flag int, perm FileMode) (*File, error)

package main
import (
    "log"
    "os"
)
func main() {
    f, err := os.OpenFile("notes.txt", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0755)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

读方法

package main
import (
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "os"
)
func check(e error) {
    if e != nil {
        panic(e)
    }
}
func main() {
    f, err := os.Open("/tmp/dat")
    check(err)
    b1 := make([]byte, 5)
    n1, err := f.Read(b1)
    check(err)
    fmt.Printf("%d bytes: %s\n", n1, string(b1))
    o2, err := f.Seek(6, 0)
    check(err)
    b2 := make([]byte, 2)
    n2, err := f.Read(b2)
    check(err)
    fmt.Printf("%d bytes @ %d: %s\n", n2, o2, string(b2))
    o3, err := f.Seek(6, 0)
    check(err)
    b3 := make([]byte, 2)
    n3, err := io.ReadAtLeast(f, b3, 2)
    check(err)
    fmt.Printf("%d bytes @ %d: %s\n", n3, o3, string(b3))
    _, err = f.Seek(0, 0)
    check(err)
    r4 := bufio.NewReader(f)
    b4, err := r4.Peek(5)
    check(err)
    fmt.Printf("5 bytes: %s\n", string(b4))
    f.Close()
}

写方法

package main
import (
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
)
func check(e error) {
    if e != nil {
        panic(e)
    }
}
func main() {
    f, err := os.Create("/tmp/dat2")
    check(err)
    defer f.Close()
    d2 := []byte{115, 111, 109, 101, 10}
    n2, err := f.Write(d2)
    check(err)
    fmt.Printf("wrote %d bytes\n", n2)
    n3, err := f.WriteString("writes\n")
    fmt.Printf("wrote %d bytes\n", n3)
    f.Sync()
    w := bufio.NewWriter(f)
    n4, err := w.WriteString("buffered\n")
    fmt.Printf("wrote %d bytes\n", n4)
    w.Flush()
}

几种读取文件方法速度比较

package main
import (
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
    "time"
)
func read0(path string) string {
    f, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("%s\n", err)
        panic(err)
    }
    return string(f)
}
func read1(path string) string {
    fi, err := os.Open(path)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer fi.Close()
    chunks := make([]byte, 1024, 1024)
    buf := make([]byte, 1024)
    for {
        n, err := fi.Read(buf)
        if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
            panic(err)
        }
        if 0 == n {
            break
        }
        chunks = append(chunks, buf[:n]...)
    }
    return string(chunks)
}
func read2(path string) string {
    fi, err := os.Open(path)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer fi.Close()
    r := bufio.NewReader(fi)
    chunks := make([]byte, 1024, 1024)
    buf := make([]byte, 1024)
    for {
        n, err := r.Read(buf)
        if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
            panic(err)
        }
        if 0 == n {
            break
        }
        chunks = append(chunks, buf[:n]...)
    }
    return string(chunks)
}
func read3(path string) string {
    fi, err := os.Open(path)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer fi.Close()
    fd, err := ioutil.ReadAll(fi)
    return string(fd)
}
func main() {
    file := "test.log" //file_name
    start := time.Now()
    read0(file)
    t0 := time.Now()
    fmt.Printf("Cost time %v\n", t0.Sub(start))
    read1(file)
    t1 := time.Now()
    fmt.Printf("Cost time %v\n", t1.Sub(t0))
    read2(file)
    t2 := time.Now()
    fmt.Printf("Cost time %v\n", t2.Sub(t1))
    read3(file)
    t3 := time.Now()
    fmt.Printf("Cost time %v\n", t3.Sub(t2))
}