Etcd 是 CoreOS 基于 Raft 开发的分布式 key-value 存储,可用于服务发现、共享配置以及一致性保障(如数据库选主、分布式锁等)。Etcd 集群配置分为三种:
- 静态发现
- Etcd 动态发现
- DNS 动态发现:通过 DNS 的 SRV 解析动态发现集群
本文主要基于静态发现 和 DNS 动态发现两种方式,并结合自签的TLS证书来创建集群。
环境准备
此环境实际用于 k8s 中的ETCD集群使用,用于本次文档
| 主机名 | 角色 | IP | 系统版本 | 内核版本 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| node01.k8s.com | node01 | 192.168.1.91 | CentOS 7.7 | 5.1.4-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 |
| node02.k8s.com | node02 | 192.168.1.92 | CentOS 7.7 | 5.1.4-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 |
| node03.k8s.com | node03 | 192.168.1.93 | CentOS 7.7 | 5.1.4-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 |
安装
在三台机器上均执行
[root@node01 ~]# yum install etcd -y[root@node01 ~]# rpm -qa etcdetcd-3.3.11-2.el7.centos.x86_64
创建Etcd所需目录,在三台机器上均执行
mkdir /data/k8s/etcd/{data,wal} -pmkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/certchown -R etcd.etcd /data/k8s/etcd
静态集群
配置
node01 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd1"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=http://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=http://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
node02 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd2"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=http://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=http://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
node03 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd3"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=http://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=http://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
启动测试
[root@node01 etcd]# systemctl start etcd[root@node01 etcd]# systemctl status etcd● etcd.service - Etcd ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-11-07 09:28:54 CST; 5s agoMain PID: 1546 (etcd)Tasks: 8Memory: 41.3MCGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service└─1546 /usr/bin/etcd --name=etcd1 --data-dir=/data/k8s/etcd/data --listen-client-urls=http://192.168.1.91:2379Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: 3b8b38de05e2c497 [term: 1] received a MsgVote message with higher term from 9c64fba479c5e94 [term: 2]Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: 3b8b38de05e2c497 became follower at term 2Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: 3b8b38de05e2c497 [logterm: 1, index: 3, vote: 0] cast MsgVote for 9c64fba479c5e94 [logterm: 1, index: 3] at term 2Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: raft.node: 3b8b38de05e2c497 elected leader 9c64fba479c5e94 at term 2Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: published {Name:etcd1 ClientURLs:[http://192.168.1.91:2379]} to cluster 19456f0bfd57284eNov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: ready to serve client requestsNov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: serving insecure client requests on 192.168.1.91:2379, this is strongly discouraged!Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com systemd[1]: Started Etcd Server.Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: set the initial cluster version to 3.3Nov 07 09:28:54 node01.k8s.com etcd[1546]: enabled capabilities for version 3.3
查看 /var/log/message 日志中,会有日下体现:
Nov 7 09:28:53 node02 etcd: added member 9c64fba479c5e94 [http://192.168.1.92:2380] to cluster 19456f0bfd57284eNov 7 09:28:53 node02 etcd: added member 3b8b38de05e2c497 [http://192.168.1.91:2380] to cluster 19456f0bfd57284eNov 7 09:28:53 node02 etcd: added member 76ea8679db7365b3 [http://192.168.1.93:2380] to cluster 19456f0bfd57284e
查看集群状态
[root@node01 etcd]# ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=http://192.168.1.91:2379,http://192.168.1.92:2379,http://192.168.1.93:2379 endpoint healthhttp://192.168.1.92:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.103545mshttp://192.168.1.93:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 2.122478mshttp://192.168.1.91:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 2.690215ms
[root@node01 etcd]# etcdctl --endpoints=http://192.168.1.91:2379,http://192.168.1.92:2379,http://192.168.1.93:2379 cluster-healthmember 9c64fba479c5e94 is healthy: got healthy result from http://192.168.1.92:2379member 3b8b38de05e2c497 is healthy: got healthy result from http://192.168.1.91:2379member 76ea8679db7365b3 is healthy: got healthy result from http://192.168.1.93:2379cluster is healthy
生成TLS证书
使用自签证书
CA(Certificate Authority)是自签名的根证书,用来签名后续创建的其他证书。本文章使用CloudFlare的PKI工具cfssl创建所有证书。
etcd证书创建
安装cfssl工具集
mkdir -p /opt/k8s/cert && cd /opt/k8swget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfsslwget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfssljsonwget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /opt/k8s/bin/cfssl-certinfochmod +x /opt/k8s/bin/*echo 'export PATH=/opt/k8s/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profilesource ~/.bash_profile
生成证书
创建根证书 (CA)
CA证书是集群所有节点共享的,只需要创建一个CA证书,后续创建的所有证书都是由它签名
创建配置文件
CA配置文件用于配置根证书的使用场景(profile)和具体参数 (usage、过期时间、服务端认证、客户端认证、加密等)
cd /opt/k8s/workcat > ca-config.json <<EOF{"signing": {"default": {"expiry": "87600h"},"profiles": {"kubernetes": {"usages": ["signing","key encipherment","server auth","client auth"],"expiry": "87600h"}}}}EOF######################signing 表示该证书可用于签名其它证书,生成的ca.pem证书找中CA=TRUEserver auth 表示client可以用该证书对server提供的证书进行验证client auth 表示server可以用该证书对client提供的证书进行验证
创建证书签名请求文件
cd /opt/k8s/workcat > ca-csr.json <<EOF{"CN": "kubernetes","key": {"algo": "rsa","size": 2048},"names": [{"C": "CN","ST": "BeiJing","L": "BeiJing","O": "k8s","OU": "4Paradigm"}],"ca": {"expiry": "876000h"}}EOF#######################CN CommonName,kube-apiserver从证书中提取该字段作为请求的用户名(User Name),浏览器使用该字段验证网站是否合法O Organization,kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求用户和所属组(Group)kube-apiserver将提取的User、Group作为RBAC授权的用户和标识
生成CA证书和私钥
cd /opt/k8s/workcfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare cals ca*
创建etcd证书和私钥
cd /opt/k8s/workcat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF{"CN": "etcd","hosts": ["127.0.0.1","192.168.1.91","192.168.1.92","192.168.1.93","k8s.com","etcd1.k8s.com","etcd2.k8s.com","etcd3.k8s.com"],"key": {"algo": "rsa","size": 2048},"names": [{"C": "CN","ST": "BeiJing","L": "BeiJing","O": "k8s","OU": "4Paradigm"}]}EOF#host字段指定授权使用该证书的etcd节点IP或域名列表,需要将etcd集群的3个节点都添加其中
生成证书和私钥
cd /opt/k8s/workcfssl gencert -ca=/opt/k8s/work/ca.pem \-ca-key=/opt/k8s/work/ca-key.pem \-config=/opt/k8s/work/ca-config.json \-profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcdls etcd*pem -l-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Nov 7 09:52 etcd-key.pem-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1444 Nov 7 09:52 etcd.pem
分发证书到各节点上
要做所有节点上创建对应的目录
mkdir /data/k8s/etcd/{data,wal} -pmkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/certchown -R etcd.etcd /data/k8s/etcd
分发证书
cd /opt/k8s/workscp ca*.pem ca-config.json 192.168.1.91:/etc/kubernetes/certscp ca*.pem ca-config.json 192.168.1.92:/etc/kubernetes/certscp ca*.pem ca-config.json 192.168.1.93:/etc/kubernetes/certscp etcd*pem 192.168.1.91:/etc/etcd/cert/scp etcd*pem 192.168.1.92:/etc/etcd/cert/scp etcd*pem 192.168.1.93:/etc/etcd/cert/
在所有节点上执行:
chown -R etcd.etcd /etc/etcd/cert
静态TLS集群
etcd 配置
node01 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd1"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
node02 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd2"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
node03 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd3"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.1.91:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.1.92:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
启动测试
[root@node01 work]# systemctl start etcd[root@node01 work]# systemctl status etcd● etcd.service - Etcd ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-11-07 10:15:58 CST; 5s agoMain PID: 2078 (etcd)Tasks: 8Memory: 28.9MCGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service└─2078 /usr/bin/etcd --name=etcd1 --data-dir=/data/k8s/etcd/data --listen-client-urls=https://192.168.1.91:2379Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: 2a40d8ba966d12fe [term: 1] received a MsgVote message with higher term from af05139f75a68867 [term: 2]Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: 2a40d8ba966d12fe became follower at term 2Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: 2a40d8ba966d12fe [logterm: 1, index: 3, vote: 0] cast MsgVote for af05139f75a68867 [logterm: 1, index: 3] at term 2Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: raft.node: 2a40d8ba966d12fe elected leader af05139f75a68867 at term 2Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: published {Name:etcd1 ClientURLs:[https://192.168.1.91:2379]} to cluster f3e9c54e1aafb3c1Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: ready to serve client requestsNov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: serving client requests on 192.168.1.91:2379Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com systemd[1]: Started Etcd Server.Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: set the initial cluster version to 3.3Nov 07 10:15:58 node01.k8s.com etcd[2078]: enabled capabilities for version 3.3
查看 /var/log/message 日志中,会有日下体现:
Nov 7 10:15:57 node01 etcd: added member 2a40d8ba966d12fe [https://192.168.1.91:2380] to cluster f3e9c54e1aafb3c1Nov 7 10:15:57 node01 etcd: added member af05139f75a68867 [https://192.168.1.92:2380] to cluster f3e9c54e1aafb3c1Nov 7 10:15:57 node01 etcd: added member c3bab7c20fba3f60 [https://192.168.1.93:2380] to cluster f3e9c54e1aafb3c1
检查TLS集群状态
ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl \--endpoints=https://etcd1.k8s.com:2379,https://etcd2.k8s.com:2379,https://etcd3.k8s.com:2379 \--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \--cert=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \--key=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem endpoint health# 输出https://192.168.1.92:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.317022mshttps://192.168.1.91:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.59958mshttps://192.168.1.93:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.453049ms
ETCD 动态集群基于DNS的SRV解析自动发现
需要局域网内部有DNS服务器
添加SRV解析
目前常用的内部DNS服务有两种,
bind、dnsmasq
方法一: 使用bind配置SRV解析
如果内部没有bind服务,可以参考部署文档文章: https://www.cnblogs.com/winstom/p/11806962.html
使用域名为 : k8s.com,在bind的zone文件中添加如下解析:
etcd1 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3 IN A 192.168.1.93_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3
修改之后重新加载配置文件:
[root@jenkins named]# named-checkzone k8s.com k8s.com.zonezone k8s.com/IN: loaded serial 0OK[root@jenkins named]# rndc reloadserver reload successful
方法二: 使用dnsmasq配置SRV解析
如果内部没有dnsmasq服务,可以参考部署文档文章: https://www.cnblogs.com/winstom/p/11809066.html
使用域名为 : k8s.com,具体修改如下:
在/etc/dnsmasq_hosts新增下面内容
192.168.1.91 etcd1 etcd1.k8s.com192.168.1.92 etcd2 etcd2.k8s.com192.168.1.93 etcd3 etcd3.k8s.com
在 /etc/dnsmasq.conf 文件中增加下面SRV解析内容
srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100
修改之后重启服务 systemctl restart dnsmasq
验证SRV解析是否正常
查询SRV记录
[root@node01 ~]# dig @192.168.1.122 +noall +answer SRV _etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2.k8s.com._etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1.k8s.com._etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3.k8s.com.
查询域名解析结果
[root@node01 ~]# dig @192.168.1.122 +noall +answer etcd1.k8s.com etcd2.k8s.com etcd3.k8s.cometcd1.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.93
配置ETCD
node01 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd1"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd1.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd1.k8s.com:2379"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
node02 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd2"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd2.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd2.k8s.com:2379"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
node03 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd3"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd3.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd3.k8s.com:2379"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
启动并测试
启动
[root@node01 etcd]# systemctl start etcd[root@node01 etcd]# systemctl status etcd● etcd.service - Etcd ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-11-07 11:25:29 CST; 4s agoMain PID: 14203 (etcd)Tasks: 8Memory: 16.9MCGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service└─14203 /usr/bin/etcd --name=etcd1 --data-dir=/data/k8s/etcd/data --listen-client-urls=http://192.168.1.91:2379Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: d79e9ae86b2a1de1 [quorum:2] has received 2 MsgVoteResp votes and 0 vote rejectionsNov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: d79e9ae86b2a1de1 became leader at term 2Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: raft.node: d79e9ae86b2a1de1 elected leader d79e9ae86b2a1de1 at term 2Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: published {Name:etcd1 ClientURLs:[http://etcd1.k8s.com:2379 http://etcd1.k8s.com:4001]} to cluster 42cecf80e3791d6cNov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: ready to serve client requestsNov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: serving insecure client requests on 192.168.1.91:2379, this is strongly discouraged!Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com systemd[1]: Started Etcd Server.Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: setting up the initial cluster version to 3.3Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: set the initial cluster version to 3.3Nov 07 11:25:29 node01.k8s.com etcd[14203]: enabled capabilities for version 3.3
日志 vim /var/log/messages 表现如下:
Nov 7 11:25:27 node01 etcd: got bootstrap from DNS for etcd-server at 0=http://etcd3.k8s.com:2380Nov 7 11:25:27 node01 etcd: got bootstrap from DNS for etcd-server at 1=http://etcd2.k8s.com:2380Nov 7 11:25:27 node01 etcd: got bootstrap from DNS for etcd-server at etcd1=http://etcd1.k8s.com:2380Nov 7 11:25:27 node01 etcd: resolving etcd1.k8s.com:2380 to 192.168.1.91:2380Nov 7 11:25:27 node01 etcd: resolving etcd1.k8s.com:2380 to 192.168.1.91:2380Nov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: name = etcd1Nov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: data dir = /data/k8s/etcd/dataNov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: member dir = /data/k8s/etcd/data/memberNov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: dedicated WAL dir = /data/k8s/etcd/walNov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: heartbeat = 100msNov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: election = 1000msNov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: snapshot count = 100000Nov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: advertise client URLs = http://etcd1.k8s.com:2379,http://etcd1.k8s.com:4001Nov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: initial advertise peer URLs = http://etcd1.k8s.com:2380Nov 7 11:25:28 node01 etcd: initial cluster = 0=http://etcd3.k8s.com:2380,1=http://etcd2.k8s.com:2380,etcd1=http://etcd1.k8s.com:2380
测试:
[root@node01 etcd]# etcdctl --endpoints=http://192.168.1.91:2379 cluster-healthmember 184beca37ca32d75 is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd2.k8s.com:2379member d79e9ae86b2a1de1 is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd1.k8s.com:2379member f7662e609b7e4013 is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd3.k8s.com:2379cluster is healthy
ETCD TLS动态集群基于DNS的SRV解析自动发现
需要局域网内部有DNS服务器
添加SRV解析
目前常用的内部DNS服务有两种,
bind、dnsmasq
方法一: 使用bind配置SRV解析
如果内部没有bind服务,可以参考部署文档文章: https://www.cnblogs.com/winstom/p/11806962.html
使用域名为 : k8s.com,在bind的zone文件中添加如下解析:
etcd1 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3 IN A 192.168.1.93_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3
修改之后重新加载配置文件:
[root@jenkins named]# named-checkzone k8s.com k8s.com.zonezone k8s.com/IN: loaded serial 0OK[root@jenkins named]# rndc reloadserver reload successful
方法二: 使用dnsmasq配置SRV解析
如果内部没有dnsmasq服务,可以参考部署文档文章: https://www.cnblogs.com/winstom/p/11809066.html
使用域名为 : k8s.com,具体修改如下:
在/etc/dnsmasq_hosts新增下面内容
192.168.1.91 etcd1 etcd1.k8s.com192.168.1.92 etcd2 etcd2.k8s.com192.168.1.93 etcd3 etcd3.k8s.com
在 /etc/dnsmasq.conf 文件中增加下面SRV解析内容
srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100
修改之后重启服务 systemctl restart dnsmasq
验证SRV解析是否正常
查询SRV记录
[root@node01 etcd]# dig @192.168.1.122 +noall +answer SRV _etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3.k8s.com._etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2.k8s.com._etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 3600 IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1.k8s.com.
查询域名解析结果
[root@node01 ~]# dig @192.168.1.122 +noall +answer etcd1.k8s.com etcd2.k8s.com etcd3.k8s.cometcd1.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3.k8s.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.1.93
ETCD 配置
node01 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.91:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd1"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://etcd1.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://etcd1.k8s.com:2379,https://etcd1.k8s.com:4001"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
node02 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.92:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd2"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://etcd2.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://etcd2.k8s.com:2379"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
node03 配置文件
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/data"ETCD_WAL_DIR="/data/k8s/etcd/wal"ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2380"ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.93:2379"ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"ETCD_NAME="etcd3"ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="100000"ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://etcd3.k8s.com:2380"ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://etcd3.k8s.com:2379"ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV="k8s.com"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"ETCD_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_AUTO_TLS="true"ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem"ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem"ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="true"
启动测试
启动
[root@node03 etcd]# systemctl restart etcd[root@node03 etcd]# systemctl status etcd● etcd.service - Etcd ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-11-07 12:38:37 CST; 4s agoMain PID: 13460 (etcd)Tasks: 8Memory: 16.6MCGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service└─13460 /usr/bin/etcd --name=etcd3 --data-dir=/data/k8s/etcd/data --listen-client-urls=https://192.168.1.93:2379Nov 07 12:38:36 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: established a TCP streaming connection with peer 40a8f19a5db99534 (stream Message writer)Nov 07 12:38:36 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: established a TCP streaming connection with peer 40a8f19a5db99534 (stream MsgApp v2 writer)Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: 9888555207dbf0e0 [term: 92] received a MsgVote message with higher term from a0d541999e9eb3b3 [term: 98]Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: 9888555207dbf0e0 became follower at term 98Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: 9888555207dbf0e0 [logterm: 92, index: 9, vote: 0] cast MsgVote for a0d541999e9eb3b3 [logterm: 92, index: 9] at term 98Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: raft.node: 9888555207dbf0e0 elected leader a0d541999e9eb3b3 at term 98Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: published {Name:etcd3 ClientURLs:[https://etcd3.k8s.com:2379]} to cluster f445a02ce3dc6a02Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: ready to serve client requestsNov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com etcd[13460]: serving client requests on 192.168.1.93:2379Nov 07 12:38:37 node03.k8s.com systemd[1]: Started Etcd Server.
日志体现
Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: added member 40a8f19a5db99534 [https://etcd2.k8s.com:2380] to cluster f445a02ce3dc6a02Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: starting peer 40a8f19a5db99534...Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: started HTTP pipelining with peer 40a8f19a5db99534Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: started streaming with peer 40a8f19a5db99534 (writer)Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: started peer 40a8f19a5db99534Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: added peer 40a8f19a5db99534Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: added member 9888555207dbf0e0 [https://etcd3.k8s.com:2380] to cluster f445a02ce3dc6a02Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: starting peer 9888555207dbf0e0...Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: started HTTP pipelining with peer 9888555207dbf0e0Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: started peer 9888555207dbf0e0Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: added peer 9888555207dbf0e0Nov 7 12:38:36 node01 etcd: added member a0d541999e9eb3b3 [https://etcd1.k8s.com:2380] to cluster f445a02ce3dc6a02
测试集群状态:
ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=https://etcd1.k8s.com:2379,https://etcd2.k8s.com:2379,https://etcd3.k8s.com:2379 \--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \--cert=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \--key=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem endpoint health# 输出https://etcd1.k8s.com:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 4.269468mshttps://etcd3.k8s.com:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.58797mshttps://etcd2.k8s.com:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.622151ms
报错解决
1. 证书报错 bad certificate
日志中报错:
Nov 7 12:37:03 node01 etcd: rejected connection from "192.168.1.93:46294" (error "remote error: tls: bad certificate", ServerName "k8s.com")
解决
报错的意思是在生成ETCD的TLS证书的时候,没有把对应的域名加进去
在创建ETCD的TLS证书请求的文件中加入对应的域名
cd /opt/k8s/workcat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF{"CN": "etcd","hosts": ["127.0.0.1","192.168.1.91","192.168.1.92","192.168.1.93","k8s.com", # 这里的域名查看是否正确"etcd1.k8s.com","etcd2.k8s.com","etcd3.k8s.com"],"key": {"algo": "rsa","size": 2048},"names": [{"C": "CN","ST": "BeiJing","L": "BeiJing","O": "k8s","OU": "4Paradigm"}]}EOF
2. DNS 的 SRV 解析报错 cannot find local etcd member “etcd1” in SRV records
DNS 如果配置有问题,会有如下报错:
etcd: error setting up initial cluster: cannot find local etcd member "etcd1" in SRV records
这里是表示DNS在配置SRV解析的时候报错,请仔细查看解析配置:
SRV解析分为两种,一种是http不带证书的解析,一种是https带证书的解析,是有区别的,如果配置错误就会包上述错误
http不带证书解析如下
bind 的解析
编辑 /var/named/k8s.com.zone 文件
etcd1 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3 IN A 192.168.1.93_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3
dnsmasq 的解析
在/etc/dnsmasq_hosts新增下面内容
192.168.1.91 etcd1 etcd1.k8s.com192.168.1.92 etcd2 etcd2.k8s.com192.168.1.93 etcd3 etcd3.k8s.com
在 /etc/dnsmasq.conf 文件中增加下面SRV解析内容
srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100
https带证书解析如下
bind 的解析
编辑 /var/named/k8s.com.zone 文件
etcd1 IN A 192.168.1.91etcd2 IN A 192.168.1.92etcd3 IN A 192.168.1.93_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd1_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd2_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com. 1H IN SRV 2380 0 100 etcd3
dnsmasq 的解析
在/etc/dnsmasq_hosts新增下面内容
192.168.1.91 etcd1 etcd1.k8s.com192.168.1.92 etcd2 etcd2.k8s.com192.168.1.93 etcd3 etcd3.k8s.com
在 /etc/dnsmasq.conf 文件中增加下面SRV解析内容
srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-server-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd1.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd2.k8s.com,2380,0,100srv-host=_etcd-client-ssl._tcp.k8s.com,etcd3.k8s.com,2380,0,100
