定时器是一个功能强大的外设。

一般功能：

  1. 定时中断，计时器，给定一个时间，到达时间后产生一个中断
  2. 定时器输出比较的功能，用于PWM波形的产生，驱动电机

  3. 定时器输入捕获，测频率

    核心关键参数：

  4. 16位计数器

  5. 16位预分频器
  6. 16位自动重装载寄存器

比如高级定时器0，最大是108M，108M/65536/65536=39.76823……（最大定时时间）
image.png
如果你觉得时间不够，还可以使用定时器级联功能，三个定时器级联，就可以定时34万亿年。

高级/通用/基本

GD32F103只有三个定时器，一个高级Timer0，两个通用Timer1、2
image.png

计数模式

向上，向下，中央对齐。
其中中央对齐可以用在SVPWM控制算法中，产生三角载波。

影子寄存器/缓冲寄存器

预分频寄存器与自动重载寄存器都是有影子寄存器的，只有在下一个周期你更改后的值才会生效。
image.png
image.png

问题1

不知道结构体这里为什么会报错？
image.png
解决办法
image.png

定时器-基本定时功能

  1. #include "gd32f10x.h"                   // Device header
  3. void Timer_Init(void)
  4. {
  5.     /* TIMER2 configuration */
  6.     timer_parameter_struct Timer_initpara;
  8.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_TIMER2);        //使能RCU_TIMER2时钟
  11.     timer_deinit(TIMER1);
  13.     /* initialize TIMER init parameter struct */
  14.     timer_struct_para_init(&Timer_initpara);
  16.     Timer_initpara.alignedmode = TIMER_COUNTER_EDGE;
  17.     Timer_initpara.clockdivision = TIMER_CKDIV_DIV1;
  18.     Timer_initpara.counterdirection = TIMER_COUNTER_UP;
  19.     Timer_initpara.period = 10000 - 1;
  20.     Timer_initpara.prescaler = 10800 - 1;
  21.     Timer_initpara.repetitioncounter = 0;
  22.     timer_init(TIMER2, &Timer_initpara);
  24.     //手动把更新中断标志位清除一下，避免刚初始化完成就进入中断
  25.     timer_interrupt_flag_clear(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP);
  27.     /* TIMER2 channel control update interrupt enable */
  28.     timer_interrupt_enable(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_UP);
  30.     timer_enable(TIMER2);
  32.     /* enable and set key EXTI interrupt to the specified priority */
  33.     nvic_priority_group_set(NVIC_PRIGROUP_PRE2_SUB2);
  34.     nvic_irq_enable(TIMER2_IRQn, 1U, 1U);
  37. }
  40. //void TIMER2_IRQHandler(void)
  41. //{
  43. //    if (timer_interrupt_flag_get(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP) == SET)
  44. //    {
  45. //        
  46. //        timer_interrupt_flag_clear(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP);
  47. //    }
  48. //}
  1. #include "gd32f10x.h"
  2. #include "gd32f10x_libopt.h"
  3. #include "systick.h"
  4. #include "OLED.h"
  5. #include "Timer.h"
  7. uint16_t Num;
  9. int main(void)
  10. {
  11.     OLED_Init();
  12.     Timer_Init();
  15.     OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Num:");
  17.     while (1)
  18.     {
  19.         OLED_ShowNum(1, 5, Num, 5);
  20.         OLED_ShowNum(2, 5, timer_counter_read(TIMER2), 5);
  21.         OLED_ShowNum(3, 5, timer_prescaler_read(TIMER2), 5);
  22.     }                                      
  24. }
  26. void TIMER2_IRQHandler(void)
  27. {
  29.     if (timer_interrupt_flag_get(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP) == SET)
  30.     {
  31.         Num++;
  32.         timer_interrupt_flag_clear(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP);
  33.     }
  34. }

定时器-外部时钟功能

外部时钟，配置输入捕获功能IC

  1. 输入捕获结构体
  2. 输入捕获引脚时钟、复用时钟、初始化引脚 输入上拉模式
  3. 输入捕获结构体配置
  4. 输入捕获从模式 ```c

    include “gd32f10x.h” // Device header

void Timer_Init(void) { / TIMER1 configuration / timer_parameter_struct Timer_initpara; timer_ic_parameter_struct timer_icinitpara;

  1. rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_TIMER1);        //使能RCU_TIMER1时钟
  2. rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOA);
  3. rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_AF);
  4. gpio_init(GPIOA, GPIO_MODE_IPU, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_0);
  7. timer_deinit(TIMER1);
  9. /* initialize TIMER init parameter struct */
  10. timer_struct_para_init(&Timer_initpara);
  12. Timer_initpara.alignedmode = TIMER_COUNTER_EDGE;
  13. Timer_initpara.clockdivision = TIMER_CKDIV_DIV1;
  14. Timer_initpara.counterdirection = TIMER_COUNTER_UP;
  15. Timer_initpara.period = 10 - 1;
  16. Timer_initpara.prescaler = 1 - 1;
  17. Timer_initpara.repetitioncounter = 0;
  18. timer_init(TIMER1, &Timer_initpara);
  20.  /* TIMER1 CH0 input capture configuration */
  21. timer_icinitpara.icpolarity  = TIMER_IC_POLARITY_FALLING;
  22. timer_icinitpara.icselection = TIMER_IC_SELECTION_DIRECTTI;
  23. timer_icinitpara.icprescaler = TIMER_IC_PSC_DIV1;
  24. timer_icinitpara.icfilter    = 0x00;
  25. timer_input_capture_config(TIMER1, TIMER_CH_0, &timer_icinitpara);
  27.  /* slave mode selection : TIMER1 */
  28. /* TIMER1 input trigger : external trigger connected to CI0 */
  29. timer_input_trigger_source_select(TIMER1,TIMER_SMCFG_TRGSEL_CI0FE0);
  30. timer_slave_mode_select(TIMER1,TIMER_SLAVE_MODE_EXTERNAL0);
  33. //手动把更新中断标志位清除一下，避免刚初始化完成就进入中断
  34. timer_interrupt_flag_clear(TIMER1, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP);
  36. /* TIMER2 channel control update interrupt enable */
  37. timer_interrupt_enable(TIMER1, TIMER_INT_UP);
  39. timer_enable(TIMER1);
  41. /* enable and set key EXTI interrupt to the specified priority */
  42. nvic_priority_group_set(NVIC_PRIGROUP_PRE2_SUB2);
  43. nvic_irq_enable(TIMER1_IRQn, 1U, 1U);

}

//void TIMER2_IRQHandler(void) //{

// if (timer_interrupt_flag_get(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP) == SET) // { //
// timer_interrupt_flag_clear(TIMER2, TIMER_INT_FLAG_UP); // } //}

  1. <a name="MNfPo"></a>
  2. # 输出比较功能-PWM
  3. 输出比较可以通过比较CNT与CCR寄存器值的关系，来对输出电平进行置1、置0或翻转的操作，用于输出一定频率和占空比的PWM波形。<br />每个高级定时器和通用定时器都拥有4个输出比较通道。<br />高级定时器的前3个通道额外拥有死区生成和互补输出的功能。<br />死区时间的插入，确保了通道互补的两路信号不会同时有效。<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2022/png/29409159/1666853764785-dc39752b-fda6-4d2f-aab3-5bae49fdad65.png#clientId=uc25cbe92-31ee-4&from=paste&height=524&id=u09561e74&originHeight=524&originWidth=1172&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=39721&status=done&style=none&taskId=u7443f5fa-7a69-4485-8e32-ad3b8e082d6&title=&width=1172)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2022/png/29409159/1666853818753-771a6119-b683-4133-b664-38fb1b28eedf.png#clientId=uc25cbe92-31ee-4&from=paste&height=326&id=uf82c0407&originHeight=326&originWidth=576&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=6066&status=done&style=none&taskId=u93f9b0aa-bc12-4b94-9b98-deb13396ff4&title=&width=576)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2022/png/29409159/1666853829179-efd9dd71-38da-4307-8b8a-f46bd9f9a223.png#clientId=uc25cbe92-31ee-4&from=paste&height=146&id=uacaf90ed&originHeight=146&originWidth=1161&originalType=binary&ratio=1&rotation=0&showTitle=false&size=19464&status=done&style=none&taskId=u85fbd9d2-5706-419b-a15d-499aea0f88b&title=&width=1161)
  4. <a name="nbIIe"></a>
  5. ## 呼吸灯
  6. ```c
  7. #include "gd32f10x.h"                   // Device header
  10. void PWM_Init(void)
  11. {
  12.     //输出比较与定时器初始化结构体
  13.     timer_oc_parameter_struct timer_ocintpara;
  14.     timer_parameter_struct timer_initpara;
  16.     //时钟 TIMER1 GPIOA
  17.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_TIMER1);
  18.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOA);
  19.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_AF);
  21.     //PA1初始化 复用推挽输出
  22.     gpio_init(GPIOA, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_1);
  24.     timer_deinit(TIMER1);
  26.     /* TIMER1 参数配置 */
  27.     timer_initpara.prescaler         = 10800 - 1;  //PSC
  28.     timer_initpara.alignedmode       = TIMER_COUNTER_EDGE;
  29.     timer_initpara.counterdirection  = TIMER_COUNTER_UP;
  30.     timer_initpara.period            = 100 - 1; //ARR
  31.     timer_initpara.clockdivision     = TIMER_CKDIV_DIV1;
  32.     timer_initpara.repetitioncounter = 0;
  33.     timer_init(TIMER1,&timer_initpara);
  35.     //输出比较参数配置
  36.     timer_ocintpara.ocpolarity   = TIMER_OC_POLARITY_HIGH;//高极性，不反转，REF直接输出
  37.     timer_ocintpara.outputstate  = TIMER_CCX_ENABLE;//输出使能
  38.     timer_channel_output_config(TIMER1,TIMER_CH_1,&timer_ocintpara);
  40.      /* CH1 configuration in PWM mode1,duty cycle 0% */
  41.     timer_channel_output_pulse_value_config(TIMER1,TIMER_CH_1,0);//CCR 占空比
  42.     timer_channel_output_mode_config(TIMER1,TIMER_CH_1,TIMER_OC_MODE_PWM0);//PWM模式0 模式1
  43.     timer_channel_output_shadow_config(TIMER1,TIMER_CH_1,TIMER_OC_SHADOW_DISABLE);
  45.     /* auto-reload preload enable */
  46.     timer_auto_reload_shadow_enable(TIMER1);
  47.     /* auto-reload preload enable */
  48.     timer_enable(TIMER1);
  49. }
  51. void PWM_SetCompare1(uint16_t Compare)
  52. {
  53.     timer_channel_output_pulse_value_config(TIMER1,TIMER_CH_1,Compare);
  54. }
  1. #include "gd32f10x.h"
  2. #include "gd32f10x_libopt.h"
  3. #include "systick.h"
  4. #include "OLED.h"
  5. #include "Timer.h"
  6. #include "PWM.h"
  9. uint8_t i;
  11. int main(void)
  12. {
  13.     OLED_Init();
  14.     PWM_Init();
  17.     OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Duty:   %");
  20.     while (1)
  21.     {
  22.         for (i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
  23.         {
  24.             PWM_SetCompare1(i);
  25.             Delay_ms(10);
  26.             OLED_ShowNum(1, 6, i, 3);
  27.         }
  28.         for (i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
  29.         {
  30.             PWM_SetCompare1(100 - i);
  31.             Delay_ms(10);
  32.             OLED_ShowNum(1, 6, i, 3);
  33.         }
  36.     }                                      
  38. }

输出比较-互补、死区时间、刹车

1.高级定时器只有 TIMER0 四通道定时器
image.png
通过配置互补通道PB13 PA8
image.png
配置刹车PB12
image.png

  1. #include "gd32f10x.h"                   // Device header
  4. void PWM_Init(void)
  5. {
  6.     //输出比较与定时器初始化结构体 刹车结构体
  7.     timer_oc_parameter_struct timer_ocintpara;
  8.     timer_parameter_struct timer_initpara;
  9.     timer_break_parameter_struct timer_breakpara;
  11.     //时钟 TIMER0 GPIOA GPIOB
  12.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_TIMER0);
  13.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOA);
  14.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOB);
  15.     rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_AF);
  17.     //PA1初始化 复用推挽输出
  18.     gpio_init(GPIOA, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_8);
  19.     //PB13 互补通道初始化 复用推挽输出
  20.     gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_13);
  21.      /* configure PB12(TIMER0 BKIN) as alternate function */
  22.     gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_IN_FLOATING, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_12);
  25.     timer_deinit(TIMER0);
  27.     /* TIMER0 参数配置 */
  28.     timer_initpara.prescaler         = 108 - 1;  //PSC
  29.     timer_initpara.alignedmode       = TIMER_COUNTER_EDGE;
  30.     timer_initpara.counterdirection  = TIMER_COUNTER_UP;
  31.     timer_initpara.period            = 600 - 1; //ARR
  32.     timer_initpara.clockdivision     = TIMER_CKDIV_DIV1;
  33.     timer_initpara.repetitioncounter = 0;
  34.     timer_init(TIMER0,&timer_initpara);
  36.     //输出比较参数配置
  37.     timer_ocintpara.outputstate  = TIMER_CCX_ENABLE;//输出使能
  38.     timer_ocintpara.outputnstate = TIMER_CCXN_ENABLE;//互补输出使能
  39.     timer_ocintpara.ocpolarity   = TIMER_OC_POLARITY_HIGH;//高极性，不反转，REF直接输出
  40.     timer_ocintpara.ocnpolarity  = TIMER_OCN_POLARITY_HIGH;
  41.     timer_ocintpara.ocidlestate  = TIMER_OC_IDLE_STATE_HIGH;
  42.     timer_ocintpara.ocnidlestate = TIMER_OCN_IDLE_STATE_HIGH;
  44.     //通道选择
  45.     timer_channel_output_config(TIMER0,TIMER_CH_0,&timer_ocintpara);
  47.      /* CH0 configuration in PWM mode1,duty cycle 0% */
  48.     timer_channel_output_pulse_value_config(TIMER0,TIMER_CH_0,0);//CCR 占空比
  49.     timer_channel_output_mode_config(TIMER0,TIMER_CH_0,TIMER_OC_MODE_PWM0);//PWM模式0 模式1
  50.     timer_channel_output_shadow_config(TIMER0,TIMER_CH_0,TIMER_OC_SHADOW_ENABLE);
  53.     /* automatic output enable, break, dead time and lock configuration*/
  54.     timer_breakpara.runoffstate     = TIMER_ROS_STATE_ENABLE;
  55.     timer_breakpara.ideloffstate    = TIMER_IOS_STATE_ENABLE ;
  56.     timer_breakpara.deadtime        = 164;
  57.     timer_breakpara.breakpolarity   = TIMER_BREAK_POLARITY_LOW;
  58.     timer_breakpara.outputautostate = TIMER_OUTAUTO_ENABLE;
  59.     timer_breakpara.protectmode     = TIMER_CCHP_PROT_OFF;
  60.     timer_breakpara.breakstate      = TIMER_BREAK_ENABLE;
  61.     timer_break_config(TIMER0,&timer_breakpara);
  63.     /* auto-reload preload enable */
  64. //    timer_auto_reload_shadow_enable(TIMER0);
  66.     /* TIMER0 primary output function enable */
  67.     timer_primary_output_config(TIMER0,ENABLE);
  69.     /* TIMER0 channel control update interrupt enable */
  70.     timer_interrupt_enable(TIMER0,TIMER_INT_CMT);
  71.     /* TIMER0 break interrupt disable */
  72.     timer_interrupt_disable(TIMER0,TIMER_INT_BRK);
  74.     nvic_priority_group_set(NVIC_PRIGROUP_PRE1_SUB3);
  75.     nvic_irq_enable(TIMER0_TRG_CMT_IRQn, 0, 1);
  77.     /* TIMER0 counter enable */
  78.     timer_enable(TIMER0);
  79. }
  83. void PWM_SetCompare1(uint16_t Compare)
  84. {
  85.     timer_channel_output_pulse_value_config(TIMER0,TIMER_CH_0,Compare);
  86. }

互补输出：
image.png
死区时间：
image.png
刹车功能
image.png