ARM汇编指令的查找
在KEIL的HELP中

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;******************** (C) COPYRIGHT 2017 STMicroelectronics ********************;* File Name : startup_stm32f407xx.s;* Author : MCD Application Team;* Description : STM32F407xx devices vector table for MDK-ARM toolchain. ;* This module performs:;* - Set the initial SP;* - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler;* - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address;* - Branches to __main in the C library (which eventually;* calls main()).;* After Reset the CortexM4 processor is in Thread mode,;* priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.;* <<< Use Configuration Wizard in Context Menu >>> ;*******************************************************************************; ;* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,;* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:;* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,;* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.;* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,;* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation;* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.;* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors;* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software;* without specific prior written permission.;*;* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS";* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE;* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE;* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE;* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL;* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR;* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER;* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,;* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE;* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.; ;*******************************************************************************; Amount of memory (in bytes) allocated for Stack; Tailor this value to your application needs; <h> Stack Configuration; <o> Stack Size (in Bytes) <0x0-0xFFFFFFFF:8>; </h>Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 //开辟栈的大小为 0X00000400(1KB),名字为 STACK,NOINIT 即不初始化,可读可写,8(2^3)字节对齐。 AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size__initial_sp; <h> Heap Configuration; <o> Heap Size (in Bytes) <0x0-0xFFFFFFFF:8>; </h>Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 //开辟堆的大小为 0X00000200(512 字节),名字为 HEAP,NOINIT 即不初始化,可读可写,8(2^3)字节对齐。 //__heap_base 表示对的起始地址,__heap_limit 表示堆的结束地址。堆是由低向高生长的,跟栈的生长方向相反。 AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3__heap_baseHeap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size__heap_limit PRESERVE8 THUMB; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //定义一个数据段,名字为 RESET,可读。 EXPORT __Vectors //声明 __Vectors、__Vectors_End 和 __Vectors_Size 这三个标号具有全局属性,可供外部的文件调用。 EXPORT __Vectors_End EXPORT __Vectors_Size//向量表从 FLASH 的 0 地址开始放置,以 4 个字节为一个单位,地址 0 存放的是栈顶地址,0X04//存放的是复位程序的地址,以此类推。从代码上看,向量表中存放的都是中断服务函数的函数名,//可我们知道 C 语言中的函数名就是一个地址。__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack //栈顶地址 DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler //复位程序地址 DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler ; External Interrupts//外部中断开始 DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window WatchDog DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detection DCD TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler ; Tamper and TimeStamps through the EXTI line DCD RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler ; RTC Wakeup through the EXTI line DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; FLASH DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line0 DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line1 DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line2 DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line3 DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line4 DCD DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 0 DCD DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 1 DCD DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 2 DCD DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 3 DCD DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 4 DCD DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 5 DCD DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream 6 DCD ADC_IRQHandler ; ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3s DCD CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; CAN1 TX DCD CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX0 DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1 DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; External Line[9:5]s DCD TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break and TIM9 DCD TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update and TIM10 DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation and TIM11 DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2 DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3 DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4 DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1 DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2 DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1 DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2 DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3 DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; External Line[15:10]s DCD RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm (A and B) through EXTI Line DCD OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler ; USB OTG FS Wakeup through EXTI line DCD TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break and TIM12 DCD TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update and TIM13 DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation and TIM14 DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare DCD DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Stream7 DCD FMC_IRQHandler ; FMC DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5 DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3 DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4 DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5 DCD TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler ; TIM6 and DAC1&2 underrun errors DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7 DCD DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 0 DCD DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 1 DCD DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 2 DCD DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 3 DCD DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 4 DCD ETH_IRQHandler ; Ethernet DCD ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler ; Ethernet Wakeup through EXTI line DCD CAN2_TX_IRQHandler ; CAN2 TX DCD CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler ; CAN2 RX0 DCD CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN2 RX1 DCD CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN2 SCE DCD OTG_FS_IRQHandler ; USB OTG FS DCD DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 5 DCD DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 6 DCD DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Stream 7 DCD USART6_IRQHandler ; USART6 DCD I2C3_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C3 event DCD I2C3_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C3 error DCD OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler ; USB OTG HS End Point 1 Out DCD OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler ; USB OTG HS End Point 1 In DCD OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler ; USB OTG HS Wakeup through EXTI DCD OTG_HS_IRQHandler ; USB OTG HS DCD DCMI_IRQHandler ; DCMI DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD HASH_RNG_IRQHandler ; Hash and Rng DCD FPU_IRQHandler ; FPU__Vectors_End //__Vectors_End 为向量表结束地址__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY //定义一个名称为.text 的代码段,可读。; Reset handler //复位子程序是系统上电后第一个执行的程序,调用 SystemInit 函数初始化系统时钟,然后调用 C库函数 _mian,最终调用 main 函数去到 C 的世界。Reset_Handler PROC EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] IMPORT SystemInit IMPORT __main LDR R0, =SystemInit//SystemInit() 是一个标准的库函数,在 system_stm32f103xe.c 这个库文件中定义。 //主要作用是配置系统时钟,这里调用这个函数之后,单片机的系统时钟配被配置为 72M。 BLX R0 LDR R0, =__main BX R0 ENDP; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)NMI_Handler PROC //系统异常 EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPHardFault_Handler\ PROC EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPMemManage_Handler\ PROC EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPBusFault_Handler\ PROC EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPUsageFault_Handler\ PROC EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPSVC_Handler PROC EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPDebugMon_Handler\ PROC EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPPendSV_Handler PROC EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPSysTick_Handler PROC EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDPDefault_Handler PROC //外部中断 EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT FMC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT ETH_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN2_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_FS_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART6_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C3_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C3_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT OTG_HS_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DCMI_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT HASH_RNG_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT FPU_IRQHandler [WEAK]WWDG_IRQHandler PVD_IRQHandler TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler FLASH_IRQHandler RCC_IRQHandler EXTI0_IRQHandler EXTI1_IRQHandler EXTI2_IRQHandler EXTI3_IRQHandler EXTI4_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler ADC_IRQHandler CAN1_TX_IRQHandler CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler EXTI9_5_IRQHandler TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler TIM1_CC_IRQHandler TIM2_IRQHandler TIM3_IRQHandler TIM4_IRQHandler I2C1_EV_IRQHandler I2C1_ER_IRQHandler I2C2_EV_IRQHandler I2C2_ER_IRQHandler SPI1_IRQHandler SPI2_IRQHandler USART1_IRQHandler USART2_IRQHandler USART3_IRQHandler EXTI15_10_IRQHandler RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler TIM8_CC_IRQHandler DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler FMC_IRQHandler SDIO_IRQHandler TIM5_IRQHandler SPI3_IRQHandler UART4_IRQHandler UART5_IRQHandler TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler TIM7_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler ETH_IRQHandler ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler CAN2_TX_IRQHandler CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler OTG_FS_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler USART6_IRQHandler I2C3_EV_IRQHandler I2C3_ER_IRQHandler OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler OTG_HS_IRQHandler DCMI_IRQHandler HASH_RNG_IRQHandlerFPU_IRQHandler B . //B:跳转到一个标号。这里跳转到一个‘.’,即表示无线循环。 ENDP ALIGN;*******************************************************************************; User Stack and Heap initialization //用户堆栈初始化;******************************************************************************* IF :DEF:__MICROLIB //这个宏在 KEIL 里面开启 //首先判断是否定义了 __MICROLIB,如果定义了这个宏则赋予标号 //__initial_sp(栈顶地址)、__heap_base(堆起始地址)、__heap_limit(堆结束地址)全局属性,可供外部文件调用。 EXPORT __initial_sp EXPORT __heap_base EXPORT __heap_limit ELSE IMPORT __use_two_region_memory EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap__user_initial_stackheap LDR R0, = Heap_Mem LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) LDR R3, = Stack_Mem BX LR ALIGN ENDIF END;************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE*****
main入口函数也能改

修改之后发现,下载程序很慢
总结
- 初始化堆栈指针 SP=_initial_sp
- 初始化 PC 指针 =Reset_Handler
- 初始化中断向量表
- 配置系统时钟
- 调用 C 库函数 _main 初始化用户堆栈,从而最终调用 main 函数去到 C 的世界