1.确认安装组
下面为oracle推荐使用用户组
$ id oracleuid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54327(asmdba),54330(racdba)$ id griduid=54331(grid) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54327(asmdba),54328(asmoper),54329(asmadmin),54330(racdba)
1.1.使用oracle预配置添加组时需补充添加下列组
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin---------------------------------------------------/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dbagroupadd -g 54323 oper/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54330 racdba
1.2.手动创建用户，如果存在则修改
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle如果用户已存在，则usermod根据需要使用该命令进行修改/usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper oracleuseradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,racdba,asmoper grid如果用户已存在，则usermod根据需要使用该命令进行修改
1.3.示例安装准备
# groupadd -g 54321 oinstall# groupadd -g 54322 dba1# groupadd -g 54332 dba2# groupadd -g 54323 oper1# groupadd -g 54333 oper2# groupadd -g 54324 backupdba1# groupadd -g 54334 backupdba2# groupadd -g 54325 dgdba1# groupadd -g 54335 dgdba2# groupadd -g 54326 kmdba1# groupadd -g 54336 kmdba2# groupadd -g 54327 asmdba# groupadd -g 54328 asmoper# groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin# groupadd -g 54330 racdba1# groupadd -g 54340 racdba2# useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,racdba1,racdba2 grid# useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba1,backupdba1,dgdba1,kmdba1,asmdba,racdba1,asmoper oracle1# useradd -u 54323 -g oinstall -G dba2,backupdba2,dgdba2,kmdba2,asmdba,racdba2 oracle2# mkdir -p /u01/app/19.0.0/grid# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle1# mkdir -p u01/app/oracle2# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01# chmod -R 775 /u01/# chown oracle1:oinstall /u01/app/oracle1# chown oracle2:oinstall /u01/app/oracle2
2.对磁盘进行分区，创建磁盘组
2.1对磁盘进行分区
su - root[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor #blocks name259 0 136314880 nvme0n1259 1 1048576 nvme0n1p1259 2 135265280 nvme0n1p211 0 1048575 sr0253 0 20971520 dm-0253 1 8257536 dm-1253 2 11653120 dm-2253 3 41943040 dm-3253 4 41943040 dm-4253 5 10485760 dm-58 0 94371840 sda[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/nvme0n1: 139.6 GB, 139586437120 bytes, 272629760 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x000ebb37。。。。。。。。。。。。。Disk /dev/sda: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes, 188743680 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Device does not contain a recognized partition tableBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xbcfd5886.Command (m for help): nPartition type:p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)e extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (1-4, default 1): 1First sector (2048-188743679, default 2048):Using default value 2048Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-188743679, default 188743679): +30GPartition 1 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is setCommand (m for help): nPartition type:p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)e extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (2-4, default 2): 2First sector (62916608-188743679, default 62916608):Using default value 62916608Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62916608-188743679, default 188743679): +30GPartition 2 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is setCommand (m for help): nPartition type:p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)e extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (3,4, default 3):First sector (125831168-188743679, default 125831168):Using default value 125831168Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (125831168-188743679, default 188743679): +30GValue out of range.Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (125831168-188743679, default 188743679):Using default value 188743679Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set-------------------------------Disk /dev/sda: 102.0 GB, 102005473280 bytes, 199229440 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0xbcfd5886Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 2048 62916607 31457280 83 Linux/dev/sda2 62916608 125831167 31457280 83 Linux/dev/sda3 125831168 188745727 31457280 83 Linux/dev/sda4 188745728 199229439 5241856 83 Linux-----------------------------------------------------------------------[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor #blocks name259 0 136314880 nvme0n1259 1 1048576 nvme0n1p1259 2 135265280 nvme0n1p211 0 1048575 sr0253 0 20971520 dm-0253 1 8257536 dm-18 0 99614720 sda8 1 31457280 sda18 2 31457280 sda28 3 31457280 sda38 4 5241856 sda4253 2 11653120 dm-2253 3 41943040 dm-3253 4 41943040 dm-4253 5 10485760 dm-5
2.2安装asm 软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum install oracleasm-support.x86_64[root@localhost ~]# yum install kmod-oracleasm.x86_64wget -O oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/asmlib/oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2.3.配置asm
[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm configure -iConfiguring the Oracle ASM library driver.This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM librarydriver. The following questions will determine whether the driver isloaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current valueswill be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing ananswer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.Default user to own the driver interface []: oracleDefault group to own the driver interface []: asmdbaStart Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: yScan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: yWriting Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
2.4asm初始化
[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm initCreating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasmLoading module "oracleasm": oracleasmConfiguring "oracleasm" to use device physical block sizeMounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm
2.5asm添加磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm createdisk DATA /dev/sda1Writing disk header: doneInstantiating disk: done[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm createdisk DATA /dev/sda2Disk "DATA" already exists[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm createdisk DATA1 /dev/sda2Writing disk header: doneInstantiating disk: done[root@localhost ~]# oracleasm createdisk DATA2 /dev/sda3Writing disk header: doneInstantiating disk: done[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/oracleasm/diskstotal 0brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 1 Sep 7 19:33 DATAbrw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 2 Sep 7 19:34 DATA1brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 3 Sep 7 19:34 DATA2
2.6检查oracle和grid所属组，oracle及grid bin目录oracle文件权限，设置oracleasm磁盘权限
cd /dev/oracleasm/disks/chmod 766 ./*----------------------------[root@localhost disks]# id oracleuid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba),54327(asmdba)[root@localhost disks]# id griduid=54322(grid) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54330(racdba),54329(asmadmin),54327(asmdba)------------------------------------------------------------------------------node1:cd $GRID_HOME/binls -l oracle-rwsr-s--x 1 grid oinstall 209914519 9月 7 14:40 oracle 文件权限正确node2:ls -lrt oralce-rwxr-x--x 1 grid oinstall 209914519 9月 7 14:42 oracle 文件权限错误oracle用户：cd $ORACLE_HOME/binls -l oraclenode1:-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 239626689 9月 7 15:56 oracle 正确node2:-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 239626689 9月 7 16:04 oracle 正确在node2的，GRID_HOME/bin目录下，oracle文件权限错误修改：chmod +s oracle
安装检查提示cvuqdisk缺失，此文件在grid安装目录下
@bogon grid_base]# find /app/grid/ -name '*cvuqdisk*'/app/grid/.patch_storage/28090553_Jul_11_2018_19_20_31/files/cv/remenv/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm/app/grid/.patch_storage/28090553_Jul_11_2018_19_20_31/files/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm/app/grid/cv/remenv/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm/app/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm[root@bogon grid_base]# cd /app/grid/cv/admin/ cvdata/ cvutl/ remenv/ rpm/[root@bogon grid_base]# rpm -ivh /app/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpmPreparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing...1:cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1 ################################# [100%]
关闭+ASM实例
su - gridsqlplus / as sysasmshutdown immediate;
grid安装完后创建pfile和spfile
sqlplus / as sysasmcreate pfile from memory;shutdown immediate;create spfile from pfile;
ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups=DATA scope=both;
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