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CentOS7 yum方式安装MySQL5.7
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1、yum 安装

1.1、下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository

  1. wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
  2. yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
  3. yum -y install mysql-community-server

1.2、MySQL数据库设置

启动服务

  1. systemctl start  mysqld.service
  2. systemctl status mysqld.service

此时MySQL已经开始正常运行，不过要想进入MySQL还得先找出此时root用户的密码，通过如下命令可以在日志文件中找出密码：

  1. grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
  2. 2021-02-19T03:04:01.737914Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nQIrSNKWZ1%:

登录数据库

  1. mysql -uroot -pnQIrSNKWZ1%:

输入初始密码，此时不能做任何事情，因为MySQL默认必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库：

  1. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Mysql@123';

这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
原因是因为MySQL有密码设置的规范，具体是与validate_password_policy的值有关：
image.png
MySQL完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：

  1. mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
  2. +--------------------------------------+--------+
  3. | Variable_name                        | Value  |
  4. +--------------------------------------+--------+
  5. | validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF    |
  6. | validate_password_dictionary_file    |        |
  7. | validate_password_length             | 8      |
  8. | validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1      |
  9. | validate_password_number_count       | 1      |
  10. | validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM |
  11. | validate_password_special_char_count | 1      |
  12. +--------------------------------------+--------+
  13. 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

密码的长度是由validate_password_length决定的，而validate_password_length的计算公式是：

  1. validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

可以通过如下命令修改：

  1. mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
  2. mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

此时密码就可以设置的很简单，例如1234之类的。到此数据库的密码设置就完成了。
但此时还有一个问题，就是因为安装了Yum Repository，以后每次yum操作都会自动更新，需要把这个卸载掉：

  1. [root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch


2、安装脚本

脚本和tar包需要在同一个目录下
vim mysql-server.sh

  1. #!/bin/bash
  2. offversion=`basename mysql-*.tar.gz .tar.gz | awk -F '-' '{print$2"-"$3"-"$4"-"$5}'`
  3. PACKAGE_FULL_WAY=`pwd`
  4. INSTALL_HOME=$PACKAGE_FULL_WAY/mysql
  6. log_info() {
  7.     echo "[$(date -d today +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %:::z")] $1"
  8. }
  10. # 新建mysql用户
  11. add_user() {
  12.     #create group mysql
  13.     grep "^mysql" /etc/group &> /dev/null
  14.     if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
  15.         groupadd mysql
  16.     fi
  17.     id mysql &> /dev/null
  18.     if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
  19.         useradd -g mysql mysql
  20.         chage -M 99999 mysql
  21.     fi
  22. }
  24. # 安装Mysql
  25. install_mysql() {
  26. # 安装Mysql
  27. tar -zxvf mysql-${offversion}.tar.gz
  28. mv mysql-${offversion} mysql
  29. cd ${INSTALL_HOME}
  30. # 新建数据库目录
  31. mkdir -p ${INSTALL_HOME}/data
  32. chown -R mysql:mysql ./
  33. #编辑my.cnf
  34. cat << EOF > /etc/my.cnf
  35. [mysqld]
  36. port=3306
  37. basedir=${INSTALL_HOME}
  38. datadir=${INSTALL_HOME}/data
  39. socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
  40. user=mysql
  41. tmpdir=/tmp
  42. bind-address = 0.0.0.0
  43. max_connections=1024
  44. lower_case_table_names=1
  45. character-set-server=utf8mb4
  46. collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
  47. default-storage-engine=INNODB
  48. innodb_buffer_pool_size=64MB
  49. max_allowed_packet=16M
  50. [mysqld_safe]
  51. log-error=${INSTALL_HOME}/data/error.log
  52. pid-file=${INSTALL_HOME}/data/mysql.pid
  53. [mysql]
  54. default-character-set=utf8mb4
  55. [client]
  56. socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
  57. default-character-set=utf8mb4
  58. !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
  59. EOF
  61. echo '修改mysql配置文件成功';
  62. #加入环境变量,方便使用mysql命令,但是需要source /etc/profile
  63. #echo "###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_S" >>/etc/profile
  64. echo "export PATH=${INSTALL_HOME}/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
  65. #echo "###MYSQL_PATH_ENV_E" >> /etc/profile
  67. ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=${INSTALL_HOME} --datadir=${INSTALL_HOME}/data --initialize > ${INSTALL_HOME}/out.txt 2>&1
  69. cd ${INSTALL_HOME}
  70. # 启动Mysql
  71. ${INSTALL_HOME}/support-files/mysql.server start
  72. password=$(cat $INSTALL_HOME/out.txt | grep password | awk -F " " {'print $NF'})
  73. ${INSTALL_HOME}/bin/mysql -uroot -p$password --connect-expired-password  -e "set password=password('123456');use mysql;update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';flush privileges;"
  74. echo mysql init successful!!!
  75. }
  76. # 安装Mysql
  77.  install() {
  78.     add_user
  79.     log_info "添加用户"
  80.     log_info "开始安装mysql"
  81.     install_mysql
  82.     log_info "install_mysql finish"
  83. }
  85. # 停止Mysql
  86. stop() {
  87.     ${INSTALL_HOME}/support-files/mysql.server stop
  88. }
  90. # 启动Mysql
  91. start() {
  92.     ${INSTALL_HOME}/support-files/mysql.server start
  93. }
  95. usage() {
  96.     echo "Usage: $PROG_NAME {start|stop|install|uninstall}"
  97.     exit 2
  99. }
  101. PROG_NAME=$0
  102. ACTION=$1
  103. case "$ACTION" in
  104.     start)
  105.         start
  106.     ;;
  107.     stop)
  108.         stop
  109.     ;;
  110.     restart)
  111.         stop
  112.         start
  113.     ;;
  114.     install)
  115.         install
  116.     ;;
  117.     uninstall)
  118.         uninstall
  119.     ;;
  120.     *)
  121.         usage
  122.     ;;
  123. esac