一、实例要求
- 编写一个 Netty 群聊系统,实现服务器端和客户端之间的数据简单通讯(非阻塞)。
- 实现多人群聊。
- 服务器端:可以监测用户上线,离线,并实现消息转发功能。
- 客户端:通过 channel 可以无阻塞发送消息给其它所有用户,同时可以接受其它用户发送的消息(有服务器转发得到)。
-
二、代码
GroupChatClient
public class GroupChatClient {private final String host;private final int port;public GroupChatClient(String host, int port) {this.host = host;this.port = port;}public void run() throws InterruptedException {EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();try {Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();bootstrap.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overrideprotected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatClientHandler());}});ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();// 得到channelChannel channel = channelFuture.channel();System.out.println("------" + channel.localAddress() + "--------------");// 客户端需要输入信息,创建一个扫描器Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {String msg = scanner.nextLine();// 通过channel 发送到服务器端channel.writeAndFlush(msg + "\r\n");}} finally {group.shutdownGracefully();}}public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {new GroupChatClient("127.0.0.1", 6699).run();}}
GroupChatClientHandler
public class GroupChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {@Overrideprotected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {System.out.println("客户端读取:" + msg);}}
GroupChatServer
```java public class GroupChatServer { private int port; // 监听端口
GroupChatServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
// 编写 run 方法,处理客户端的请求 public void run() throws InterruptedException {
// 创建 两个线程组NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(3);try {ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128).childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true).childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overrideprotected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {// 获取到 pipelineChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();// 向 pipeline 假如解码器pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());// 加入 编码器pipeline.addLast("coder", new StringEncoder());// 处理业务pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatServerHandler());}});System.out.println("netty 服务器启动成功");ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();} finally {bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new GroupChatServer(6699).run();
}
}
<a name="Dg22U"></a>## GroupChatServerHandler```javapublic class GroupChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {// 定义一个channel组,管理所有的channel// GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE 全局事件执行器,是一个单例private static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);private static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");private static DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");/*** 表示连接建立,一旦连接,第一个被执行* 将当前 channel 加入到 channelGroup** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {Channel channel = ctx.channel();// 将该客户加入聊天的信息推送给其它在线的客户端/*** 该方法会将 channelGroup 中所有的 channel 遍历,并发送 消息* 我们不需要自己遍历*/channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + " 加入聊天");channelGroup.add(channel);}/*** 表示 断开连接,将 xx客户离开信息推送给当前在线的客户** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {Channel channel = ctx.channel();channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + " 离开了");System.out.println("channelGroupSize is " + channelGroup.size());}/*** 表示 channel 处于活动状态,提示 xx 上线** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 上线了~");}/*** 表示 channel 处于不活跃状态,提示 xx 下线** @param ctx* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 离线了~");}/*** 读取数据并执行业务操作** @param ctx* @param msg* @throws Exception*/@Overrideprotected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {// 获取到当前 channelChannel channel = ctx.channel();// 遍历 channelgroup,根据不同的情况,回送不同的消息channelGroup.forEach(ch -> {if (channel != ch) {// 不是当前的 channel,转发消息 (不发给自己)ch.writeAndFlush("[客户]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + "发送了消息:" + msg);} else {// 发给自己ch.writeAndFlush("[自动发送了消息]" + sdf.format(new Date()) + " " + msg);}});}/*** 异常** @param ctx* @param cause* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {System.out.println("【服务器异常】" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.toString());cause.printStackTrace();ctx.close();}}
三、结果展示
服务端
客户端
client 1
client 2
client 3

