ansible-playbook

1. 基本用法

-e : 指定变量的值 -t : 指定运行的tag

ansible-playbook 中使用变量

  1. cat user.yml 
  2. ---
  3. # add user
  4. #
  5. - hosts: mytest
  6.   remote_user: root
  8.   tasks:
  9.   - name: add user1
  10.     tags: autouser
  11.     user: name=user1 system=true uid=307
  13.   - name: add user2
  14.     tags: manueuser
  15.     user: name={{ userx }} uid={{ userid }}
  17.  # 在命令行中通过 -e 来指定变量的值
  18.  ansible-playbook -e userx=user3 -e userid=1500 user.yml
  19.  # 通过 -t 来指定要运行的tags
  20.  ansible-playbook -t userauto user.yml

2. template

ansible mytest -m setup # 查看机器信息

2.1 template 中的算术运算

  1. {{ ansible_processor_vcpus-1 }}

2.2 template 中的 for, if, when

使用循环生成多个 nginx server

cat /etc/ansible/hosts 

  1. [mytest]
  2. 192.168.2.10
  3. 192.168.2.11  http_port=88
  4. 192.168.2.12  http_port=99

vim nginx_vhost.conf.j2 # 编辑一个模板文件

  1. {% for api_name in apis %}
  2. server {
  3.   # 如果定义了http_port，使用定义的端口, 否则使用80.
  4.   {% if http_port is defined %}
  5.   listen {{ http_port }};
  6.   {% else %}
  7.   listen 80;
  8.   {% endif %}
  10.   server_name {{  api_name }}.zlead.com;
  11.   root /data/nginx;
  12.   location / {}
  13. }
  15. {% endfor %}

接下来, 我们来编辑一个 nginx_vhost.yml 

  1. ---
  2. # nginx mulit vhost
  3. - hosts: mytest
  4.   remote_user: root
  5.   vars:
  6.     apis:
  7.      - api3
  8.      - api2
  9.      - api1
  10.   tasks:
  11.   - name: multi server
  12.     template: src=/TEMPLATE_PATH/nginx_vhost.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/web_api.conf
  13.     # 当系统是 RedHat 时,执行此模板。
  14.     when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat"

运行模板, 使配置生效.

  1. ansible-playbook  nginx_vhost.yml -C  # 通过 -C 来检验配置是否正确
  2. ansible-playbook  nginx_vhost.yml

2.3 template 中的多任务

使用 with_items 来配置多个任务

示例1:

cat /ansible/yml/install_mul.yml 

  1. ---
  2. # install nginx,httpd,php
  3. - hosts: mytest
  4.   remote_user: root
  5.   tasks:
  6.   - name: install app
  7.       yum: name={{ item }}  state=installed
  8.     with_items:
  9.         - nginx
  10.       - php
  11.       - httpd

ansible-playbook /ansible/yml/install_mul.yml

示例2：

  1. ---
  2. # add mul user
  3. - hosts: mytest
  4.     remote_user: root
  5.   tasks:
  6.   - name: groupadd
  7.       group: name={{  item }}
  8.     with_items:
  9.         - group5
  10.       - group6
  11.       - group7
  12.   - name: useradd multi
  13.       user: name={{  item.u }} group={{ item.g }}
  14.     with_items:
  15.         - { u: "user5", g: "group5" }
  16.       - { u: "user6", g: "group6" }
  17.       - { u: "user7", g: "group7" }