MySQL 定时备份之 Kubernetes

因为现在MySQL是跑在Kubernetes集群里面的，所以这边的定时备份是用的Kubernetes的CronJob来做。具体步骤如下。

创建PVC

新建yml配置文件

mysql-backup-pvc.yml

kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: mysql-backup
  namespace: test
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi
  storageClassName: db-nfs

执行

kubectl apply -f /home/mysql-backup-k8s/mysql-backup-pvc.yml

创建CronJob

新建yml配置文件

mysql-full-backup-cron-job.yml

apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
  name: mysql-backup
  namespace: test
spec:
  schedule: "0 0 * * *"
  jobTemplate:
    spec:
      template:
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: mysql-backup
            imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
            image: mysql
            env:
            - name: MYSQL_BACKUP_USER
              value: root
            - name: MYSQL_BACKUP_USER_PASSWORD
              value: test123456
            - name: MYSQL_HOST
              value: mysql
            command:
            - /bin/sh
            - -c
            - |
              set -ex
              number=30
              mysqldump --host=$MYSQL_HOST --user=$MYSQL_BACKUP_USER \
                        --password=$MYSQL_BACKUP_USER_PASSWORD \
                        --routines --all-databases --single-transaction \
                        > /mysql-backup/test-backup-full-`date +"%Y%m%d"`.sql
              echo "create /mysql-backup/test-backup-full-`date +"%Y%m%d"`.sql" >> /mysql-backup/log.txt
              delfile=`ls -l -crt  /mysql-backup/*.sql | awk '{print $9 }' | head -1`
              count=`ls -l -crt  /mysql-backup/*.sql | awk '{print $9 }' | wc -l`
              if [ $count -gt $number ]
              then
                rm $delfile
                echo "delete $delfile" >> /mysql-backup/log.txt
              fi
            volumeMounts:
            - name: mysql-backup
              mountPath: /mysql-backup
            - name: local-time
              mountPath: /etc/localtime
              readOnly: true
          restartPolicy: OnFailure
          volumes:
          - name: mysql-backup
            persistentVolumeClaim:
              claimName: mysql-backup
          - name: local-time
            hostPath:
              path: /etc/localtime

如果mysql的文件使用的是指定映射路径的方式，则配置如下

apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
  name: mysql-backup
  namespace: test
spec:
  schedule: "0 0 * * *"
  jobTemplate:
    spec:
      template:
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: mysql-backup
            imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
            image: mysql
            env:
            - name: MYSQL_BACKUP_USER
              value: root
            - name: MYSQL_BACKUP_USER_PASSWORD
              value: test123456
            - name: MYSQL_HOST
              value: mysql
            command:
            - /bin/sh
            - -c
            - |
              set -ex
              mysqldump --host=$MYSQL_HOST --user=$MYSQL_BACKUP_USER \
                        --password=$MYSQL_BACKUP_USER_PASSWORD \
                        --routines --all-databases --single-transaction \
                        > /mysql-backup/test-backup-full-`date +"%Y%m%d"`.sql
              echo "create /mysql-backup/test-backup-full-`date +"%Y%m%d"`.sql" >> /mysql-backup/log.txt
            volumeMounts:
            - name: mysql-backup
              mountPath: /mysql-backup
            - name: local-time
              mountPath: /etc/localtime
              readOnly: true
          restartPolicy: OnFailure
          volumes:
          - hostPath:
              path: /opt/test/mysql_backup
              type: DirectoryOrCreate
            name: mysql-backup  
          - name: local-time
            hostPath:
              path: /etc/localtime

执行

kubectl apply -f /home/mysql-backup-k8s/mysql-full-backup-cron-job.yml

管理定时任务

查看定时任务

[root@master mysql-backup-k8s]# kubectl get cronjob mysql-backup -n test
NAME           SCHEDULE    SUSPEND   ACTIVE   LAST SCHEDULE   AGE
mysql-backup   0 0 * * *   False     0        <none>          8s

查看执行情况

[root@master mysql-backup-k8s]# kubectl get jobs -n test
NAME                      COMPLETIONS   DURATION   AGE
mysql-backup-1585731000   1/1           16s        89s

删除定时任务

方法1:

kubectl delete -f /home/mysql-backup-k8s/mysql-full-backup-cron-job.yml

方法2:

kubectl delete cronjob mysql-backup