Django ModelForm

将fields字段设置为all来展示所有的字段

fields = '__all__'

class AuthorForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Author
        fields = ['author_name', 'email']

默认显示Author模型中所有字段，使用fields指定要显示的字段名，使用exclude指定要排除的字段。

视图渲染

在元数据中使用widgets属性

class AuthorForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Author
        widgets = {
            'password': forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'myclass'})
        }

在初始化函数中

class AuthorForm(forms.ModelForm):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['password'].widget = forms.PasswordInput()
    class Meta:
        model = Author

定义展示的信息，labels属性

class Meta:
    model = Author
    labels = {
        'author_name':_('作者姓名'),
    }

输入提示的信息，help_texts属性

class Meta:
    model = Author
    help_text = {
        'author_name':_('输入纯英文组成的作者姓名')
    }

输入展示的错误信息，error_messages属性

数据提交

# views.py
author = AuthorForm(request.POST)
if author.is_valid():
    author.save()

数据展示

#views.py
author = Author.objects.get(pk=author_id)
author_form = AuthorForm(instance=author)
#print(author_form.instance.id), 可以使用instance属性获取Author实例对象
return render(request, 'show_author.html', {'author_form': author_form})

更新数据

#views.py
author = Author.objects.get(pk=author_id)
author_form = AuthorForm(request.POST, instance=author)
if author_form.is_valid():
    author_form.save()

自定义验证规则

class UserRegisterForm(forms.ModelForm):
    confirm_passwrod = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    def clean_confirm_password(self):
        password = self.cleaned_data['password']
        confirm_password = self.cleaned_data['confirm_password']
        if password!=confirm_password:
            raise form.ValidtionError('两次密码不一致')
        return self.confirm_password
    class Meta:
        model = User