1、SpringBoot 启动默认加载 xxxAutoConfiguration 类（自动配置类）
2、SpringMVC 功能的自动配置类 WebMvcAutoConfiguration 生效

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET)
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class,
        ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {}

给容器中配了什么？

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    @Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
    @EnableConfigurationProperties({ WebMvcProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class })
    @Order(0)
    public static class WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter implements WebMvcConfigurer {}

配置文件的相关属性和xxx进行了绑定。
WebMvcProperties==spring.mvc
ResourceProperties==spring.resources

扩展知识

配置类如果只有一个有参构造器

如果配置类只有一个有参构造器，那么有参构造器所有参数的值都会从容器中确定。

//ResourceProperties resourceProperties；获取和spring.resources绑定的所有的值的对象
//WebMvcProperties mvcProperties 获取和spring.mvc绑定的所有的值的对象
//ListableBeanFactory beanFactory Spring的beanFactory
//HttpMessageConverters 找到所有的HttpMessageConverters
//ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer 找到资源处理器的自定义器。
//DispatcherServletPath 
//ServletRegistrationBean 给应用注册Servlet、Filter....
    public WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter(ResourceProperties resourceProperties, WebMvcProperties mvcProperties,
                ListableBeanFactory beanFactory, ObjectProvider<HttpMessageConverters> messageConvertersProvider,
                ObjectProvider<ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer> resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider,
                ObjectProvider<DispatcherServletPath> dispatcherServletPath,
                ObjectProvider<ServletRegistrationBean<?>> servletRegistrations) {
            this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
            this.mvcProperties = mvcProperties;
            this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
            this.messageConvertersProvider = messageConvertersProvider;
            this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer = resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider.getIfAvailable();
            this.dispatcherServletPath = dispatcherServletPath;
            this.servletRegistrations = servletRegistrations;
        }

资源处理的默认规则

@Override
        public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
            if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
                logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
                return;
            }
            Duration cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getPeriod();
            CacheControl cacheControl = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getCachecontrol().toHttpCacheControl();
            //webjars的规则
            if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
                customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
                        .addResourceLocations("classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
                        .setCachePeriod(getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl));
            }
            //
            String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
            if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
                customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
                        .addResourceLocations(getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()))
                        .setCachePeriod(getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl));
            }
        }

spring:
#  mvc:
#    static-path-pattern: /res/**
  resources:
    add-mappings: false   禁用所有静态资源规则

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties {
    private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = { "classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
            "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" };
    /**
     * Locations of static resources. Defaults to classpath:[/META-INF/resources/,
     * /resources/, /static/, /public/].
     */
    private String[] staticLocations = CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS;

欢迎页的处理规则

    HandlerMapping：处理器映射。保存了每一个Handler能处理哪些请求。    
    @Bean
        public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(ApplicationContext applicationContext,
                FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService, ResourceUrlProvider mvcResourceUrlProvider) {
            WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping = new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(
                    new TemplateAvailabilityProviders(applicationContext), applicationContext, getWelcomePage(),
                    this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
            welcomePageHandlerMapping.setInterceptors(getInterceptors(mvcConversionService, mvcResourceUrlProvider));
            welcomePageHandlerMapping.setCorsConfigurations(getCorsConfigurations());
            return welcomePageHandlerMapping;
        }
    WelcomePageHandlerMapping(TemplateAvailabilityProviders templateAvailabilityProviders,
            ApplicationContext applicationContext, Optional<Resource> welcomePage, String staticPathPattern) {
        if (welcomePage.isPresent() && "/**".equals(staticPathPattern)) {
            //要用欢迎页功能，必须是/**
            logger.info("Adding welcome page: " + welcomePage.get());
            setRootViewName("forward:index.html");
        }
        else if (welcomeTemplateExists(templateAvailabilityProviders, applicationContext)) {
            // 调用Controller  /index
            logger.info("Adding welcome page template: index");
            setRootViewName("index");
        }
    }