1.查看环境

防火墙：开了以后需要各种设置，很可能造成各种外部的连接不成功，比如ftp、telnet、ssh…（有些问题并不是浮在表面，你根本不知道是防火墙的锅），简单起见云服务器可以关闭防火墙而使用容易配置的安全组。
SELinux：SELinux策略是白名单原则，需要非常清楚安装软件使用的权限才能配置好（配置麻烦不说，头疼的是你不知道需要什么权限），而Linux已经有了比较完善的Security Best Practice。在Linux上部署工具有更多的实践经验和可行方案去保证系统的安全，即便是没有SELinux，是故大家普遍选择关闭SELinux。

  1. # 查看防火墙是否关闭，未关闭使用（systemctl stop firewalld）
  2. systemctl status firewalld
  3. ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
  4.    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  5.    Active: inactive (dead)
  6.      Docs: man:firewalld(1)
  8. # 查看selinux状态，未关闭修改（SELINUX=disabled）
  9. cat /etc/selinux/config
  10. # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
  11. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
  12. #     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
  13. #     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
  14. #     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
  15. SELINUX=disabled
  16. # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
  17. #     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
  18. #     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
  19. #     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
  20. SELINUXTYPE=targeted

2.修改配置

未设置

  1. /etc/sysctl.conf
  3. /etc/security/limits.conf

3.添加组及用户

添加组及用户是很重要的，很多操作必须在特定用户下执行，之前安装postgresql遇到很多这方面的坑，大家小心。

  1. groupadd gpadmin
  2. useradd -r -m -g gpadmin gpadmin
  3. # 删除 groupdel gpadmin userdel gpadmin
  5. echo "RemoveIPC=no" >> /etc/systemd/logind.conf
  6. service systemd-logind restart

4.安装

  1. [root@tcloud greenplum]# rpm -Uvh greenplum-db-6.13.0-rhel7-x86_64.rpm
  2. error: Failed dependencies:
  3.         apr is needed by greenplum-db-6-6.13.0-1.el7.x86_64
  4.         apr-util is needed by greenplum-db-6-6.13.0-1.el7.x86_64
  5.         krb5-devel is needed by greenplum-db-6-6.13.0-1.el7.x86_64
  6.         libevent is needed by greenplum-db-6-6.13.0-1.el7.x86_64
  7. # 报依赖缺失，直接使用yum install，所需依赖自动安装。
  8. [root@tcloud greenplum]# yum install -y greenplum-db-6.13.0-rhel7-x86_64.rpm
  10. # 默认安装到/usr/local下
  11. lrwxrwxrwx   1 root  root    30 Jul  5 10:00 greenplum-db -> /usr/local/greenplum-db-6.13.0
  12. drwxr-xr-x  11 root  root  4096 Jul  5 10:00 greenplum-db-6.13.0
  14. # 赋权
  15. chown -R gpadmin /usr/local/greenplum*
  16. chgrp -R gpadmin /usr/local/greenplum*
  18. # 使环境变量生效
  19. source /usr/local/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh

5.初始化准备

  1. # 创建实例目录（主节点及segment实例存储文件夹gpnode个数视服务器情况而定）
  2. mkdir -p /home/greenplum/gpdata/master
  3. mkdir -p /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode1 
  4. mkdir -p /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode2 
  5. mkdir -p /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode3 
  6. mkdir -p /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode4
  8. # 修改目录属主
  9. chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /home/greenplum/
  10. chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /home/greenplum/gpdata
  11. chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /home/greenplum/gpdata/master
  12. chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode*

6.以下使用gpadmin用户操作

  1. su gpadmin
  3. # ----环境变量配置
  4. # postgresql默认端口号5432 这里使用2345
  5. cat <<EOF>> /home/greenplum/.bashrc
  6. source /usr/local/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
  7. export PGPORT=2345
  8. export PGUSER=gpadmin
  9. export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/greenplum/gpdata/master
  10. export PGDATABASE=gpdb
  11. # export LD_PRELOAD=/lib64/libz.so.1 ps    
  12. EOF
  13. source /home/greenplum/.bashrc
  15. # ----节点host配置（单机版值配置一个master节点)
  16. cat <<EOF>> /home/greenplum/hostfile_exkeys
  17. tcloud
  18. EOF
  20. # ----ssh权限互通设置
  21. gpssh-exkeys -f /home/greenplum/hostfile_exkeys
  23. # ----设置节点服务器（单机版就是master节点)
  24. cat <<EOF>> /home/greenplum/seg_hosts_file
  25. tcloud
  26. EOF
  28. # ----编辑gp初始化文件
  29. cp /usr/local/greenplum-db/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/gpinitsystem_config /home/greenplum/gpinitsystem_config
  30. vim /home/greenplum/gpinitsystem_config
  31. declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode1 /home/greenplum/gpdata/gpnode2) 
  32. MASTER_HOSTNAME=tcloud
  33. MASTER_PORT=2345
  34. MASTER_DIRECTORY=/home/greenplum/gpdata/master    
  35. DATABASE_NAME=gpdb
  37. # ---- 初始化（-s xx代表备用主节点是xx机器 单机无需配置）
  38. gpinitsystem -c gpinitsystem_config -h seg_hosts_file

gp初始化.png
gp启动成功.png
安装成功后的目录结构

7.使用设置

  1. # psql登录修改密码
  2. psql -p 2345
  4. # 修改数据库密码
  5. alter role gpadmin with password 'xxxxxx';
  7. # 远程连接配置
  8. vim /home/greenplum/gpdata/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf
  9. # 添加：
  10. host     all         gpadmin         0.0.0.0/0               md5
  12. # 重新加载配置文件
  13. gpstop -u
  15. # 报错及解决
  16. :-gpstop failed. (Reason='[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/greenplum/gpdata/master/postgr
  17. export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/home/greenplum/gpdata/master/gpseg-1

修改密码.png

8.其他命令

  1. gpstart #正常启动 
  2. gpstop #正常关闭 
  3. gpstop -M fast #快速关闭 
  4. gpstop –r #重启