一、简介

1.先看ES的架构图

二、ES支持的客户端连接方式

1.REST API

　　http请求，例如，浏览器请求get方法；利用Postman等工具发起REST请求；java 发起httpClient请求等。

2.Transport 连接

　　socket连接，用官方提供的TransPort客户端，底层是netty。
注意：ES的发展规划中在7.0版本开始将废弃 TransportClient，8.0版本中将完全移除 TransportClient，取而代之的是High Level REST Client。

3. ES提供了多种编程语言客户端

　　
官网可以了解详情：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/index.html

三、Java REST Client介绍

1. ES提供了两个JAVA REST client 版本

Java Low Level REST Client: 低级别的REST客户端，通过http与集群交互，用户需自己编组请求JSON串，及解析响应JSON串。兼容所有ES版本。
Java High Level REST Client: 高级别的REST客户端，基于低级别的REST客户端，增加了编组请求JSON串、解析响应JSON串等相关api。使用的版本需要保持和ES服务端的版本一致，否则会有版本问题。
官方推荐使用高级版，低级版需要自己准确记住api。

2. Java Low Level REST Client 说明

特点，maven 引入、使用介绍： https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-rest/current/java-rest-low.html
API doc ：https://artifacts.elastic.co/javadoc/org/elasticsearch/client/elasticsearch-rest-client/6.2.4/index.html.

3. Java High Level REST Client 说明

从6.0.0开始加入的，目的是以java面向对象的方式来进行请求、响应处理。
每个API 支持 同步/异步 两种方式，同步方法直接返回一个结果对象。异步的方法以async为后缀，通过listener参数来通知结果。
高级java REST 客户端依赖Elasticsearch core project
兼容性说明：
依赖 java1.8 和 Elasticsearch core project
请使用与服务端ES版本一致的客户端版本

4. Java High Level REST Client maven 集成

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.2.4</version>
</dependency>

5.将log4j2.xml编译到classes路径下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration status="OFF">
    <appenders>
        <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Console>
    </appenders>
    <loggers>
        <root level="info">
            <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
        </root>
    </loggers>
</configuration>

6. Java High Level REST Client 初始化

RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
RestClient.builder(
new HttpHost(“localhost”, 9200, “http”),
new HttpHost(“localhost”, 9201, “http”)));
给定集群的多个节点地址，将客户端负载均衡地向这个节点地址集发请求
Client 不再使用了，记得关闭它：
client.close();
API及用法示例，请参考：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-rest/6.3/java-rest-high-create-index.html

四、Java High Level REST Client 使用示例

准备（需要配置log4j2的maven配置和log的配置文件，否则运行demo控制台会报错）：
编写示例之前首先在maven工程里面引入和ES服务端版本一样的Java客户端

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.11.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.11.1</version>
</dependency>

给定集群的多个节点地址，将客户端负载均衡地向这个节点地址集发请求：

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
public class InitClient {
    public static RestHighLevelClient getClient(){
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        return client;
    }
}

1.创建索引

package com.es.demo;
import org.elasticsearch.action.ActionListener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.Alias;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
public class CreateIndexDemo {
    public static void main(String ags[]){
        try(RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient()){
            // 1.创建索引名
            CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("book8");
            // 2.索引setting配置
            request.settings(Settings.builder().put("index.number_of_shards",5)
                    .put("index.number_of_replicas", 2) // 副本数
                    .put("analysis.analyzer.default.tokenizer","standard")
            );
            // 3.设置索引的mapping
            request.mapping("_doc",
                    "  {\n" +
                            "    \"_doc\": {\n" +
                            "      \"properties\": {\n" +
                            "        \"message\": {\n" +
                            "          \"type\": \"text\"\n" +
                            "        }\n" +
                            "      }\n" +
                            "    }\n" +
                            "  }",
                    XContentType.JSON);
            // 设置索引别名
            request.alias(new Alias("lab1"));
            // 5.发送请求
            // 5.1同步方式
            CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(request);
            // 处理响应
            boolean acknowledged = response.isAcknowledged();
            boolean shardsAcknowledged = response.isShardsAcknowledged();
            System.out.println("请求结果---------------");
            System.out.println("acknowledged:"+acknowledged);
            System.out.println("shardsAcknowledged:"+shardsAcknowledged);
            // 5.2 异步方式发送请求
           /* ActionListener<CreateIndexResponse> listener = new ActionListener<CreateIndexResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse) {
                    boolean acknowledged = createIndexResponse.isAcknowledged();
                    boolean shardsAcknowledged = createIndexResponse.isShardsAcknowledged();
                    System.out.println("请求结果---------------");
                    System.out.println("acknowledged:"+acknowledged);
                    System.out.println("shardsAcknowledged:"+shardsAcknowledged);
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            };
            client.indices().createAsync(request, listener);*/
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

请求结果---------------
acknowledged:true
shardsAcknowledged:true

构建json官方一共给出四中方式：

package com.es.demo;
import org.elasticsearch.action.ActionListener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.alias.Alias;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.create.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class CreateIndexDemo {
    public static void main(String ags[]){
        try(RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient()){
            // 1.创建索引名
            CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("book13");
            // 2.索引setting配置
            /*request.settings(Settings.builder().put("index.number_of_shards",5)
                    .put("index.number_of_replicas", 2) // 副本数
                    .put("analysis.analyzer.default.tokenizer","standard")
            );*/
            // 3.设置索引的mapping
            // 3.1方式一、直接给出json串
            /*      request.mapping("_doc",
                    "  {\n" +
                            "    \"_doc\": {\n" +
                            "      \"properties\": {\n" +
                            "        \"message\": {\n" +
                            "          \"type\": \"text\"\n" +
                            "        }\n" +
                            "      }\n" +
                            "    }\n" +
                            "  }",
                    XContentType.JSON);*/
            // 3.2方式二、给出封装成Map
            /*   Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, Object> message = new HashMap<>();
            message.put("type", "text");
            Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
            properties.put("message", message);
            Map<String, Object> _doc = new HashMap<>();
            _doc.put("properties", properties);
            jsonMap.put("_doc", _doc);
            request.mapping("_doc", jsonMap);*/
            // 3.3方式三、使用XContentBuilder
           /* XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
            builder.startObject();
            {
                builder.startObject("_doc");
                {
                    builder.startObject("properties");
                    {
                        builder.startObject("message");
                        {
                            builder.field("type", "text");
                        }
                        builder.endObject();
                        builder.startObject("message1");
                        {
                            builder.field("type", "text");
                        }
                        builder.endObject();
                    }
                    builder.endObject();
                }
                builder.endObject();
            }
            builder.endObject();
            request.mapping("_doc", builder);*/
            // 3.4方式四、使用XContentBuilder
            request.source("{\n" +
                    "    \"settings\" : {\n" +
                    "        \"number_of_shards\" : 1,\n" +
                    "        \"number_of_replicas\" : 0\n" +
                    "    },\n" +
                    "    \"mappings\" : {\n" +
                    "        \"_doc\" : {\n" +
                    "            \"properties\" : {\n" +
                    "                \"message\" : { \"type\" : \"text\" },\n" +
                    "                \"message1\" : { \"type\" : \"text\" }\n" +
                    "            }\n" +
                    "        }\n" +
                    "    },\n" +
                    "    \"aliases\" : {\n" +
                    "        \"lab2\" : {}\n" +
                    "    }\n" +
                    "}", XContentType.JSON);
            // 设置索引别名
            //request.alias(new Alias("lab1"));
            // 5.发送请求
            // 5.1同步方式
            CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(request);
            // 处理响应
            boolean acknowledged = response.isAcknowledged();
            boolean shardsAcknowledged = response.isShardsAcknowledged();
            System.out.println("请求结果---------------");
            System.out.println("acknowledged:"+acknowledged);
            System.out.println("shardsAcknowledged:"+shardsAcknowledged);
            // 5.2 异步方式发送请求
           /* ActionListener<CreateIndexResponse> listener = new ActionListener<CreateIndexResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse) {
                    boolean acknowledged = createIndexResponse.isAcknowledged();
                    boolean shardsAcknowledged = createIndexResponse.isShardsAcknowledged();
                    System.out.println("请求结果---------------");
                    System.out.println("acknowledged:"+acknowledged);
                    System.out.println("shardsAcknowledged:"+shardsAcknowledged);
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            };
            client.indices().createAsync(request, listener);*/
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

更多用法参考官方：java索引API

2. index document

索引文档，即往索引里面放入文档数据.类似于数据库里面向表里面插入一行数据，一行数据就是一个文档

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException;
import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.replication.ReplicationResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
public class IndexDocumentDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static  void main(String args[]){
        try(RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient()){
            // 1、创建索引请求
            IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest(
                    "mess",   //索引
                    "_doc",     // mapping type
                    "1");     //文档id
            // 2、准备文档数据
            // 方式一：直接给JSON串
            String jsonString = "{" +
                    "\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
                    "\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
                    "\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
                    "}";
            request.source(jsonString, XContentType.JSON);
            // 方式二：以map对象来表示文档
            /*
            Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<>();
            jsonMap.put("user", "kimchy");
            jsonMap.put("postDate", new Date());
            jsonMap.put("message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
            request.source(jsonMap);
            */
            // 方式三：用XContentBuilder来构建文档
            /*
            XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
            builder.startObject();
            {
                builder.field("user", "kimchy");
                builder.field("postDate", new Date());
                builder.field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
            }
            builder.endObject();
            request.source(builder);
            */
            // 方式四：直接用key-value对给出
            /*
            request.source("user", "kimchy",
                            "postDate", new Date(),
                            "message", "trying out Elasticsearch");
            */
            //3、其他的一些可选设置
            /*
            request.routing("routing");  //设置routing值
            request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));  //设置主分片等待时长
            request.setRefreshPolicy("wait_for");  //设置重刷新策略
            request.version(2);  //设置版本号
            request.opType(DocWriteRequest.OpType.CREATE);  //操作类别
            */
            //4、发送请求
            IndexResponse indexResponse = null;
            try {
                // 同步方式
                indexResponse = client.index(request);
            } catch(ElasticsearchException e) {
                // 捕获，并处理异常
                //判断是否版本冲突、create但文档已存在冲突
                if (e.status() == RestStatus.CONFLICT) {
                    logger.error("冲突了，请在此写冲突处理逻辑！\n" + e.getDetailedMessage());
                }
                logger.error("索引异常", e);
            }
            //5、处理响应
            if(indexResponse != null) {
                String index = indexResponse.getIndex();
                String type = indexResponse.getType();
                String id = indexResponse.getId();
                long version = indexResponse.getVersion();
                if (indexResponse.getResult() == DocWriteResponse.Result.CREATED) {
                    System.out.println("新增文档成功!");
                } else if (indexResponse.getResult() == DocWriteResponse.Result.UPDATED) {
                    System.out.println("修改文档成功!");
                }
                // 分片处理信息
                ReplicationResponse.ShardInfo shardInfo = indexResponse.getShardInfo();
                if (shardInfo.getTotal() != shardInfo.getSuccessful()) {
                }
                // 如果有分片副本失败，可以获得失败原因信息
                if (shardInfo.getFailed() > 0) {
                    for (ReplicationResponse.ShardInfo.Failure failure : shardInfo.getFailures()) {
                        String reason = failure.reason();
                        System.out.println("副本失败原因：" + reason);
                    }
                }
            }
            //异步方式发送索引请求
            /*ActionListener<IndexResponse> listener = new ActionListener<IndexResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(IndexResponse indexResponse) {
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                }
            };
            client.indexAsync(request, listener);
            */
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

新增文档成功!

官方文档：API

3. get document

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.Strings;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.FetchSourceContext;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
public class GetDocumentDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建获取文档请求
            GetRequest request = new GetRequest(
                    "book13",   //索引
                    "_doc",     // mapping type
                    "1");     //文档id
            // 2、可选的设置
            //request.routing("routing");
            //request.version(2);
            //request.fetchSourceContext(new FetchSourceContext(false)); //是否获取_source字段
            //选择返回的字段
            String[] includes = new String[]{"message", "*Date","user"};
            String[] excludes = Strings.EMPTY_ARRAY;
            FetchSourceContext fetchSourceContext = new FetchSourceContext(true, includes, excludes);
            request.fetchSourceContext(fetchSourceContext);
            // 取stored字段
            /*request.storedFields("message");
            GetResponse getResponse = client.get(request);
            String message = getResponse.getField("message").getValue();*/
            //3、发送请求
            GetResponse getResponse = null;
            try {
                // 同步请求
                getResponse = client.get(request);
            } catch (ElasticsearchException e) {
                if (e.status() == RestStatus.NOT_FOUND) {
                    logger.error("没有找到该id的文档" );
                }
                if (e.status() == RestStatus.CONFLICT) {
                    logger.error("获取时版本冲突了，请在此写冲突处理逻辑！" );
                }
                logger.error("获取文档异常", e);
            }
            //4、处理响应
            if(getResponse != null) {
                String index = getResponse.getIndex();
                String type = getResponse.getType();
                String id = getResponse.getId();
                if (getResponse.isExists()) { // 文档存在
                    long version = getResponse.getVersion();
                    String sourceAsString = getResponse.getSourceAsString(); //结果取成 String
                    Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = getResponse.getSourceAsMap();  // 结果取成Map
                    byte[] sourceAsBytes = getResponse.getSourceAsBytes();    //结果取成字节数组
                    logger.info("index:" + index + "  type:" + type + "  id:" + id);
                    logger.info(sourceAsString);
                } else {
                    logger.error("没有找到该id的文档" );
                }
            }
            //异步方式发送获取文档请求
            /*
            ActionListener<GetResponse> listener = new ActionListener<GetResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(GetResponse getResponse) {
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                }
            };
            client.getAsync(request, listener);
            */
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

20:15:40.943 [main] INFO   - index:book13  type:_doc  id:1
20:15:40.943 [main] INFO   - {"postDate":"2013-01-30","message":"trying out Elasticsearch","user":"kimchy"}

4. Bulk

批量索引文档，即批量往索引里面放入文档数据.类似于数据库里面批量向表里面插入多行数据，一行数据就是一个文档
BulkDemo.java

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
public class BulkDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建批量操作请求参数
            BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "1")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"postDate", new Date()));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "2")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"user", "liming"));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "3")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"message", "add a doc"));
            /*
            request.add(new DeleteRequest("mess", "_doc", "3"));
            request.add(new UpdateRequest("mess", "_doc", "2")
                    .doc(XContentType.JSON,"other", "test"));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("mess", "_doc", "4")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"field", "baz"));
            */
            // 2、可选的设置
            /*
            request.timeout("2m");
            request.setRefreshPolicy("wait_for");
            request.waitForActiveShards(2);
            */
            //3、发送请求
            // 同步请求
            BulkResponse bulkResponse = client.bulk(request);
            //4、处理响应
            if(bulkResponse != null) {
                for (BulkItemResponse bulkItemResponse : bulkResponse) {
                    DocWriteResponse itemResponse = bulkItemResponse.getResponse();
                    if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.INDEX
                            || bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.CREATE) {
                        IndexResponse indexResponse = (IndexResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 新增成功的处理
                        logger.info("新增成功");
                    } else if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.UPDATE) {
                        UpdateResponse updateResponse = (UpdateResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 修改成功的处理
                        logger.info("修改成功");
                    } else if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.DELETE) {
                        DeleteResponse deleteResponse = (DeleteResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 删除成功的处理
                        logger.info("删除成功");
                    }
                }
            }
            //异步方式发送批量操作请求
            /*
            ActionListener<BulkResponse> listener = new ActionListener<BulkResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(BulkResponse bulkResponse) {
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                }
            };
            client.bulkAsync(request, listener);
            */
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

20:25:41.726 [main] INFO   - 新增成功
20:25:41.730 [main] INFO   - 新增成功
20:25:41.730 [main] INFO   - 新增成功

重复运行多次，并没有返回修改成功，也是新增成功，这可能是个bug，实际上第一次以后运行都是修改操作了。

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
public class BulkDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建批量操作请求参数
            BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "1")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"postDate", new Date()));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "2")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"user", "liming"));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("book13", "_doc", "3")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"message", "add a doc"));
            /*
            request.add(new DeleteRequest("mess", "_doc", "3"));
            request.add(new UpdateRequest("mess", "_doc", "2")
                    .doc(XContentType.JSON,"other", "test"));
            request.add(new IndexRequest("mess", "_doc", "4")
                    .source(XContentType.JSON,"field", "baz"));
            */
            // 2、可选的设置
            /*
            request.timeout("2m");
            request.setRefreshPolicy("wait_for");
            request.waitForActiveShards(2);
            */
            //3、发送请求
            // 同步请求
            BulkResponse bulkResponse = client.bulk(request);
            //4、处理响应
            if(bulkResponse != null) {
                for (BulkItemResponse bulkItemResponse : bulkResponse) {
                    DocWriteResponse itemResponse = bulkItemResponse.getResponse();
                    if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.INDEX
                            || bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.CREATE) {
                        IndexResponse indexResponse = (IndexResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 新增成功的处理
                        logger.info("新增成功,{}",indexResponse.toString());
                    } else if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.UPDATE) {
                        UpdateResponse updateResponse = (UpdateResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 修改成功的处理
                        logger.info("修改成功,{}",updateResponse.toString());
                    } else if (bulkItemResponse.getOpType() == DocWriteRequest.OpType.DELETE) {
                        DeleteResponse deleteResponse = (DeleteResponse) itemResponse;
                        //TODO 删除成功的处理
                        logger.info("删除成功,{}",deleteResponse.toString());
                    }
                }
            }
            //异步方式发送批量操作请求
            /*
            ActionListener<BulkResponse> listener = new ActionListener<BulkResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(BulkResponse bulkResponse) {
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                }
            };
            client.bulkAsync(request, listener);
            */
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

20:31:44.095 [main] INFO   - 新增成功,IndexResponse[index=book13,type=_doc,id=1,version=6,result=updated,seqNo=13,primaryTerm=1,shards={"total":1,"successful":1,"failed":0}]
20:31:44.099 [main] INFO   - 新增成功,IndexResponse[index=book13,type=_doc,id=2,version=5,result=updated,seqNo=14,primaryTerm=1,shards={"total":1,"successful":1,"failed":0}]
20:31:44.099 [main] INFO   - 新增成功,IndexResponse[index=book13,type=_doc,id=3,version=5,result=updated,seqNo=15,primaryTerm=1,shards={"total":1,"successful":1,"failed":0}]

postMan对比查看结果：

{
    "took": 1,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": 3,
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "book13",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "postDate": "2018-09-09T12:25:41.302Z"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "book13",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "2",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "user": "liming"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "book13",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "3",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "message": "add a doc"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

5. search

搜索数据
SearchDemo.java

package com.es.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.ShardSearchFailure;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
/**
 *
 * @Description: 搜索数据
 * @author lgs
 * @date 2018年6月23日
 *
*/
public class SearchDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建search请求
            //SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
            SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("book13");
            searchRequest.types("_doc");
            // 2、用SearchSourceBuilder来构造查询请求体 ,请仔细查看它的方法，构造各种查询的方法都在这。
            SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            //构造QueryBuilder
            /*QueryBuilder matchQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("user", "kimchy")
                    .fuzziness(Fuzziness.AUTO)
                    .prefixLength(3)
                    .maxExpansions(10);
            sourceBuilder.query(matchQueryBuilder);*/
            sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("user", "liming"));
            sourceBuilder.from(0);
            sourceBuilder.size(10);
            sourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
            //是否返回_source字段
            //sourceBuilder.fetchSource(false);
            //设置返回哪些字段
            /*String[] includeFields = new String[] {"title", "user", "innerObject.*"};
            String[] excludeFields = new String[] {"_type"};
            sourceBuilder.fetchSource(includeFields, excludeFields);*/
            //指定排序
            //sourceBuilder.sort(new ScoreSortBuilder().order(SortOrder.DESC));
            //sourceBuilder.sort(new FieldSortBuilder("_uid").order(SortOrder.ASC));
            // 设置返回 profile
            //sourceBuilder.profile(true);
            //将请求体加入到请求中
            searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
            // 可选的设置
            //searchRequest.routing("routing");
            // 高亮设置
            /*
            HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
            HighlightBuilder.Field highlightTitle =
                    new HighlightBuilder.Field("title");
            highlightTitle.highlighterType("unified");
            highlightBuilder.field(highlightTitle);
            HighlightBuilder.Field highlightUser = new HighlightBuilder.Field("user");
            highlightBuilder.field(highlightUser);
            sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);*/
            //加入聚合
            /*TermsAggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.terms("by_company")
                    .field("company.keyword");
            aggregation.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("average_age")
                    .field("age"));
            sourceBuilder.aggregation(aggregation);*/
            //做查询建议
            /*SuggestionBuilder termSuggestionBuilder =
                    SuggestBuilders.termSuggestion("user").text("kmichy");
                SuggestBuilder suggestBuilder = new SuggestBuilder();
                suggestBuilder.addSuggestion("suggest_user", termSuggestionBuilder);
            sourceBuilder.suggest(suggestBuilder);*/
            //3、发送请求
            SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(searchRequest);
            //4、处理响应
            //搜索结果状态信息
            RestStatus status = searchResponse.status();
            TimeValue took = searchResponse.getTook();
            Boolean terminatedEarly = searchResponse.isTerminatedEarly();
            boolean timedOut = searchResponse.isTimedOut();
            //分片搜索情况
            int totalShards = searchResponse.getTotalShards();
            int successfulShards = searchResponse.getSuccessfulShards();
            int failedShards = searchResponse.getFailedShards();
            for (ShardSearchFailure failure : searchResponse.getShardFailures()) {
                // failures should be handled here
            }
            //处理搜索命中文档结果
            SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
            long totalHits = hits.getTotalHits();
            float maxScore = hits.getMaxScore();
            SearchHit[] searchHits = hits.getHits();
            for (SearchHit hit : searchHits) {
                // do something with the SearchHit
                String index = hit.getIndex();
                String type = hit.getType();
                String id = hit.getId();
                float score = hit.getScore();
                //取_source字段值
                String sourceAsString = hit.getSourceAsString(); //取成json串
                Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hit.getSourceAsMap(); // 取成map对象
                //从map中取字段值
                /*
                String documentTitle = (String) sourceAsMap.get("title");
                List<Object> users = (List<Object>) sourceAsMap.get("user");
                Map<String, Object> innerObject = (Map<String, Object>) sourceAsMap.get("innerObject");
                */
                logger.info("index:" + index + "  type:" + type + "  id:" + id);
                logger.info(sourceAsString);
                //取高亮结果
                /*Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = hit.getHighlightFields();
                HighlightField highlight = highlightFields.get("title");
                Text[] fragments = highlight.fragments();
                String fragmentString = fragments[0].string();*/
            }
            // 获取聚合结果
            /*
            Aggregations aggregations = searchResponse.getAggregations();
            Terms byCompanyAggregation = aggregations.get("by_company");
            Bucket elasticBucket = byCompanyAggregation.getBucketByKey("Elastic");
            Avg averageAge = elasticBucket.getAggregations().get("average_age");
            double avg = averageAge.getValue();
            */
            // 获取建议结果
            /*Suggest suggest = searchResponse.getSuggest();
            TermSuggestion termSuggestion = suggest.getSuggestion("suggest_user");
            for (TermSuggestion.Entry entry : termSuggestion.getEntries()) {
                for (TermSuggestion.Entry.Option option : entry) {
                    String suggestText = option.getText().string();
                }
            }
            */
            //异步方式发送获查询请求
            /*
            ActionListener<SearchResponse> listener = new ActionListener<SearchResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(SearchResponse getResponse) {
                    //结果获取
                }
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Exception e) {
                    //失败处理
                }
            };
            client.searchAsync(searchRequest, listener);
            */
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e);
        }
    }
}

结果：
21:05:50.762 [main] INFO - index:book13 type:_doc id:2
21:05:50.766 [main] INFO - {“user”:”liming”}

6. highlight 高亮

HighlightDemo.java

package com.es.demo;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.text.Text;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.highlight.HighlightBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.highlight.HighlightField;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
public class HighlightDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建search请求
            SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("book1");
            // 2、用SearchSourceBuilder来构造查询请求体 ,请仔细查看它的方法，构造各种查询的方法都在这。
            SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            //构造QueryBuilder
            QueryBuilder matchQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "test");
            sourceBuilder.query(matchQueryBuilder);
            //分页设置
            /*sourceBuilder.from(0);
            sourceBuilder.size(5); ;*/
            // 高亮设置
            HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
            highlightBuilder.requireFieldMatch(false).field("name").field("age")
                    .preTags("<strong>").postTags("</strong>");
            //不同字段可有不同设置，如不同标签
            /*HighlightBuilder.Field highlightTitle = new HighlightBuilder.Field("title");
            highlightTitle.preTags("<strong>").postTags("</strong>");
            highlightBuilder.field(highlightTitle);
            HighlightBuilder.Field highlightContent = new HighlightBuilder.Field("content");
            highlightContent.preTags("<b>").postTags("</b>");
            highlightBuilder.field(highlightContent).requireFieldMatch(false);*/
            sourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
            searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
            //3、发送请求
            SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(searchRequest);
            //4、处理响应
            if (RestStatus.OK.equals(searchResponse.status())) {
                //处理搜索命中文档结果
                SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
                long totalHits = hits.getTotalHits();
                SearchHit[] searchHits = hits.getHits();
                for (SearchHit hit : searchHits) {
                    String index = hit.getIndex();
                    String type = hit.getType();
                    String id = hit.getId();
                    float score = hit.getScore();
                    //取_source字段值
                    //String sourceAsString = hit.getSourceAsString(); //取成json串
                    Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hit.getSourceAsMap(); // 取成map对象
                    //从map中取字段值
                    /*String title = (String) sourceAsMap.get("title");
                    String content  = (String) sourceAsMap.get("content"); */
                    logger.info("index:" + index + "  type:" + type + "  id:" + id);
                    logger.info("sourceMap : " + sourceAsMap);
                    //取高亮结果
                    Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = hit.getHighlightFields();
                    HighlightField highlight = highlightFields.get("name");
                    if (highlight != null) {
                        Text[] fragments = highlight.fragments();  //多值的字段会有多个值
                        if (fragments != null) {
                            String fragmentString = fragments[0].string();
                            logger.info("title highlight : " + fragmentString);
                            //可用高亮字符串替换上面sourceAsMap中的对应字段返回到上一级调用
                            //sourceAsMap.put("title", fragmentString);
                        }
                    }
                    highlight = highlightFields.get("age");
                    if (highlight != null) {
                        Text[] fragments = highlight.fragments();  //多值的字段会有多个值
                        if (fragments != null) {
                            String fragmentString = fragments[0].string();
                            logger.info("content highlight : " + fragmentString);
                            //可用高亮字符串替换上面sourceAsMap中的对应字段返回到上一级调用
                            //sourceAsMap.put("content", fragmentString);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e);
        }
    }
}

结果：

21:13:29.702 [main] INFO   - index:book1  type:english  id:5oVDQ2UBRzBxBrDgtIl0
21:13:29.706 [main] INFO   - sourceMap : {name=test goog my money, addr=中国, class=dsfdsf, age=12}
21:13:29.706 [main] INFO   - title highlight : <strong>test</strong> goog my money
21:13:29.706 [main] INFO   - index:book1  type:english  id:6IUkUmUBRzBxBrDgFok2
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - sourceMap : {name=test goog my money, addr=中国, class=dsfdsf, age=[14, 54, 45, 34]}
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - title highlight : <strong>test</strong> goog my money
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - index:book1  type:english  id:32
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - sourceMap : {name=test, age=1}
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - title highlight : <strong>test</strong>
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - index:book1  type:english  id:33
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - sourceMap : {name=test, age=1}
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - title highlight : <strong>test</strong>
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - index:book1  type:english  id:54UiUmUBRzBxBrDgfIl9
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - sourceMap : {name=test goog my money, addr=中国, class=dsfdsf, age=[11, 13, 14]}
21:13:29.710 [main] INFO   - title highlight : <strong>test</strong> goog my money

7. suggest 查询建议

SuggestDemo.java（本demo只有单词纠错和前缀自动补全）

package com.es.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.rest.RestStatus;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.Suggest;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.SuggestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.SuggestBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.SuggestionBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.completion.CompletionSuggestion;
import org.elasticsearch.search.suggest.term.TermSuggestion;
/**
 *
 * @Description: 查询建议
 * @author lgs
 * @date 2018年6月23日
 *
*/
public class SuggestDemo {
    private static Logger logger = LogManager.getRootLogger();
    //词项建议拼写检查，检查用户的拼写是否错误，如果有错给用户推荐正确的词，appel->apple
    public static void termSuggest() {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建search请求
            //SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
            SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("book1");
            // 2、用SearchSourceBuilder来构造查询请求体 ,请仔细查看它的方法，构造各种查询的方法都在这。
            SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            sourceBuilder.size(0);
            //做查询建议
            //词项建议
            SuggestionBuilder termSuggestionBuilder =
                    SuggestBuilders.termSuggestion("name").text("text");
            SuggestBuilder suggestBuilder = new SuggestBuilder();
            suggestBuilder.addSuggestion("suggest_user", termSuggestionBuilder);
            sourceBuilder.suggest(suggestBuilder);
            searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
            //3、发送请求
            SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(searchRequest);
            //4、处理响应
            //搜索结果状态信息
            if(RestStatus.OK.equals(searchResponse.status())) {
                // 获取建议结果
                Suggest suggest = searchResponse.getSuggest();
                TermSuggestion termSuggestion = suggest.getSuggestion("suggest_user");
                for (TermSuggestion.Entry entry : termSuggestion.getEntries()) {
                    logger.info("text: " + entry.getText().string());
                    for (TermSuggestion.Entry.Option option : entry) {
                        String suggestText = option.getText().string();
                        logger.info("   suggest option : " + suggestText);
                    }
                }
            }
            /*
              "suggest": {
                "my-suggestion": [
                  {
                    "text": "tring",
                    "offset": 0,
                    "length": 5,
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "text": "trying",
                        "score": 0.8,
                        "freq": 1
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "out",
                    "offset": 6,
                    "length": 3,
                    "options": []
                  },
                  {
                    "text": "elasticsearch",
                    "offset": 10,
                    "length": 13,
                    "options": []
                  }
                ]
              }*/
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e);
        }
    }
    //自动补全，根据用户的输入联想到可能的词或者短语
    public static void completionSuggester() {
        try (RestHighLevelClient client = InitClient.getClient();) {
            // 1、创建search请求
            //SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
            SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("book5");
            // 2、用SearchSourceBuilder来构造查询请求体 ,请仔细查看它的方法，构造各种查询的方法都在这。
            SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
            sourceBuilder.size(0);
            //做查询建议
            //自动补全
            /*POST music/_search?pretty
                    {
                        "suggest": {
                            "song-suggest" : {
                                "prefix" : "lucene s",
                                "completion" : {
                                    "field" : "suggest" ,
                                    "skip_duplicates": true
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }*/
            SuggestionBuilder termSuggestionBuilder =
                    SuggestBuilders.completionSuggestion("suggest").prefix("tes")
                            .skipDuplicates(true);
            SuggestBuilder suggestBuilder = new SuggestBuilder();
            suggestBuilder.addSuggestion("song-suggest", termSuggestionBuilder);
            sourceBuilder.suggest(suggestBuilder);
            searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
            //3、发送请求
            SearchResponse searchResponse = client.search(searchRequest);
            //4、处理响应
            //搜索结果状态信息
            if(RestStatus.OK.equals(searchResponse.status())) {
                // 获取建议结果
                Suggest suggest = searchResponse.getSuggest();
                CompletionSuggestion termSuggestion = suggest.getSuggestion("song-suggest");
                for (CompletionSuggestion.Entry entry : termSuggestion.getEntries()) {
                    logger.info("text: " + entry.getText().string());
                    for (CompletionSuggestion.Entry.Option option : entry) {
                        String suggestText = option.getText().string();
                        logger.info("   suggest option : " + suggestText);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        termSuggest();
        logger.info("--------------------------------------");
        completionSuggester();
    }
}