背景：

页面，通过按钮上传本地文件到服务器；
下载服务器上的文件到本地

URL配置

  1. # 创建app
  2. python3 manager startapp app_name
  4. # 在总urls配置地址
  5. from django.conf.urls import include
  6. urlpatterns = [
  7.     path('file/', include('app_name.urls'))
  8. ]
  10. # 在app_name app 下，配置url
  11. from . import views
  12. urlpatterns = [
  13.     path('upload/', views.upload_file, name='upload'),
  14.     path('download/', views.download_file, name='download'),
  15. ]

编写views

  1. from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
  2. from django.views.decorators.http import require_http_methods
  3. from django.http import StreamingHttpResponse
  6. def handle_uploaded_file(f):
  7.     # 文件被上传到path 地址 上
  8.     name = f.name
  9.     with open(path, 'wb') as destination:
  10.         for hunk in f.chunks():
  11.             destination.write(chunk)
  14. @csrf_except
  15. @require_http_methods(['POST'])
  16. def upolad_file(request):
  17.     # django 前端通过 form-data file 上传文件，文件存在request.FILES中
  18.     # 可以在form中配置文件上传类型，下面会编写form
  19.     form = UploadFileForm(request.FILES)
  20.     if form.is_valid():
  21.         handle_uploaded_file(request.FILES['file'])
  22.         return JsonResponse({'status': 'success', 'code': 200})
  23.     else:
  24.         return JsonResponse(form.errors)
  28. def download_file(request):
  29.     form = DownFileForm(request.GET)
  31.     def file_iterator(file_name, chunk_siza=512):
  32.         with open(file_name, 'rb') as f:
  33.             while True:
  34.                 c = f.read(chunk_size)
  35.                 if c:
  36.                     yield c
  37.                 else:
  38.                     break
  40.     if form.is_valid():
  41.         file_name = os.path.join(seetting.DOWNLOAD_ROOT, form.clean_data['file_name'])
  42.         response = StreamingHttpResponse(file_iterator(file_name))
  43.         response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
  44.         response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="{}"'.format(file_name)
  45.         return response
  46.     else:
  47.         return JsonResponse(form.errors)

编写form

  1. from django import forms
  4. class UploadFileForm(forms.Form):
  5.     file = forms.FileField()
  7.     def clean_file(self):
  8.         file = self.cleaned_data['file']
  9.         ext = file.name.split('.')[-1].lower()
  10.         if ext not in ['xls', 'xlsx']:
  11.             raise forms.ValidationError("只能上传excel文件")
  12.         return file

总结：

还是要看文档，web 简单来说就是请求，响应，平时还是要多写