增删改查

对应的Serializer序列化器
针对于Serializer创建与更新方法需要重写，删除、查询、查询单个需要在视图类中完成

  1. class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
  2.     bname = serializers.CharField(max_length=20)
  3.     price = serializers.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
  5.     def update(self, instance, validated_data):
  6.         instance.bname = validated_data.get('bname')
  7.         instance.price = validated_data.get('price')
  8.         instance.save()
  9.         return instance
  11.     def create(self, validated_data):
  12.         book_obj = Book.objects.create(**validated_data)
  13.         return book_obj

对应视图类

  1. class BookApiView(views.APIView):
  3.     def get(self,request):
  4.         dict = {{'code':200, 'msg':'查询成功成功'}}
  5.         if not request.query_params:
  6.             books = Book.objects.all()
  7.             dict['msg'] = '查询全部书籍成功'
  8.         else :
  9.             books = Book.objects.filter(pk=request.query_params.get('id'))
  10.             dict['msg'] = '查询一本书籍成功'
  11.         bookSerializer = BookSerializer(instance=books, many=True)
  12.         dict['data'] = bookSerializer.data
  13.         return Response(dict)
  15.     def delete(self,request):
  16.         dict = {'code':200}
  17.         pk = request.data.get('id')
  18.         if pk:
  19.             book_obj = Book.objects.filter(pk=pk)
  20.             if book_obj:
  21.                 book_obj.delete()
  22.                 dict['msg'] = '删除成功'
  23.                 dict['data'] = ''
  24.             else :
  25.                 dict['code'] = 10003
  26.                 dict['msg'] = '该书不存在，无法删除'
  27.         else:
  28.             dict['code'] = 10004
  29.             dict['msg'] = '请指定书籍id'
  30.         return Response(dict)
  32.     def put(self,request):
  33.         dict = {'code': 200}
  34.         book_obj = Book.objects.filter(pk=request.data.get('id')).first()
  35.         if book_obj:
  36.             bookSerializer = BookSerializer(instance=book_obj, data=request.data)
  37.             if bookSerializer.is_valid():
  38.                 bookSerializer.save()
  39.                 dict['msg'] = '修改成功'
  40.                 dict['data'] = bookSerializer.data
  41.             else:
  42.                 dict['code'] = 10001
  43.                 dict['msg'] = '修改失败，数据未通过验证'
  44.                 dict['errors'] = bookSerializer.errors
  45.         else:
  46.             dict['code'] = 10002
  47.             dict['msg'] = '不存在该书籍'
  48.             dict['errors'] = '找不到对应的书籍id'
  49.         return Response(dict)
  51.     def post(self,request):
  52.         print(request.FILES)
  53.         dict = {'code': 200}
  54.         bookSerializer = BookSerializer(data=request.data)
  55.         if bookSerializer.is_valid():
  56.             bookSerializer.save()
  57.             dict['msg'] = '创建成功'
  58.             dict['data'] = bookSerializer.data
  59.         else:
  60.             dict['code'] = 10005
  61.             dict['msg'] = '数据验证未通过'
  62.             dict['errors'] = bookSerializer.errors
  63.         return Response(dict)

Serializer字段与参数

常见字段与models基本一致
常用参数：
read_only:True 不设置时默认为False 作用是只在序列化时产生该字段数据
write_only:True 不设置时默认为False 作用是只在反序列化时需要该字段数据
error_messages 设置该字段检验不通过的错误信息
depth 连表查询深度

Serializer局部和全局钩子

局部钩子是重写validate_字段名 函数
需要抛出错误时使用ValidationError
通过验证时返回对应的字段

  1.  def validate_pname(self, pname):
  2.         if re.findall('京东', pname):
  3.             raise ValidationError('出版社名字不能包含京东')
  4.         else:
  5.             return pname

全局钩子是重写validate函数 在全局钩子中attrs是对应序列化器中的所有字段
需要抛出错误时使用ValidationError
通过验证时返回对应的attrs

  1. def validate(self, attrs):
  2.         if re.findall('日本', attrs.get('address')):
  3.             raise ValidationError('出版社地址不能在日本')
  4.         return attrs