下载hadoop安装包解压
    编辑hadoop/etc/hadoop/下文件
    编辑hadoop-env.sh文件，设置java环境变量

    1. export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_211

    编辑core-site.xml文件

    1. <configuration>
    2.    <property>
    3.        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    4.        <value>file:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp</value>
    5.        <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
    6.    </property>
    7.    <property>
    8.        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    9.        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
    10.    </property>
    11.   <property>
    12.       <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
    13.       <value>*</value>
    14.   </property>
    15.   <property>
    16.       <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
    17.       <value>*</value>
    18.   </property>
    19. </configuration>

    编辑hdfs-site.xml文件

    1. <configuration>
    2.    <property>
    3.        <name>dfs.replication</name>
    4.        <value>1</value>
    5.    </property>
    6.    <property>
    7.        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
    8.        <value>file:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/dfs/name</value>
    9.    </property>
    10.    <property>
    11.        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
    12.        <value>file:/opt/hadoop-2.10.1/tmp/dfs/data</value>
    13.    </property>
    14.   <property>
    15.      <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>
    16.      <value>root</value>
    17.   </property>
    18.   <property>
    19.     <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
    20.     <value>false</value>
    21.   </property>
    22. </configuration>

    执行名称节点格式化
    修改配置文件以后，要执行名称节点的格式化，命令如下：

    1. ./bin/hdfs namenode -format

    启动Hadoop all

    1. ./sbin/start-all.sh

    配置hadoop环境变量

    1. export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.10.1
    2. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HAME/sbin