接口

接口实现OCP设计原则

OCP（Open-Closed Principle）——开闭原则
对扩展是开放的，对修改是关闭的

package main
import "fmt"
type Pet interface {
    eat()
    sleep()
}
type Dog struct {
}
type Cat struct {
}
// Dog 实现 Pet 接口
func (dog *Dog) eat() {
    fmt.Println("dog eat...")
}
func (dog *Dog) sleep() {
    fmt.Println("dog sleep...")
}
// Cat 实现 Pet 接口
func (cat *Cat) eat() {
    fmt.Println("cat eat...")
}
func (cat *Cat) sleep() {
    fmt.Println("cat sleep...")
}
type Person struct {
}
// pet 既可以传递Dog也可以传递Cat
func (per *Person) care(pet Pet) {
    pet.eat()
    pet.sleep()
}
func main() {
    dog := Dog{}
    cat := Cat{}
    person := Person{}
    person.care(&dog)
    person.care(&cat)
}

模拟OOP思想

继承

通过结构体嵌套实现继承

package main
import "fmt"
type Animal struct {
    name string
    age int
}
func (a Animal) eat() {
    fmt.Println("eat...")
}
func (a Animal) sleep() {
    fmt.Println("sleep...")
}
type Dog struct {
    Animal
    color string
}
type Cat struct {
    Animal
    b string
}
func main() {
    dog := Dog{
        Animal{name:"花花",age:2},
        "黑色",
    }
    dog.eat()
    dog.sleep()
    fmt.Printf("dog.color: %v\n", dog.color)
    fmt.Printf("dog.age: %v\n", dog.age)
    cat := Cat{
        Animal{name:"嘿嘿", age:3},
        "bbb",
    }
    cat.eat()
    cat.sleep()
    fmt.Printf("cat: %v\n", cat)
}