安装Nacos

推荐使用官网教程进行安装，也可以直接使用我的docker安装教程

接入Nacos注册中心

完成Nacos安装后，编写程序接入注册中心。

服务提供者

第一步：创建SpringBoot应用（模块），命名为alibaba-nacos-discovery-server。
第二步：编辑pom.xml，加入依赖：

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  3.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  4.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5.     <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  6.     <artifactId>alibaba-nacos-discovery-server</artifactId>
  7.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8.     <packaging>jar</packaging>
  10.     <properties>
  11.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  12.         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  13.         <java.version>11</java.version>
  15.         <spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
  16.         <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
  17.         <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud.version>
  18.     </properties>
  20.     <dependencyManagement>
  21.         <dependencies>
  22.             <dependency>
  23.                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  24.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
  25.                 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
  26.                 <type>pom</type>
  27.                 <scope>import</scope>
  28.             </dependency>
  29.             <dependency>
  30.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  31.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
  32.                 <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
  33.                 <type>pom</type>
  34.                 <scope>import</scope>
  35.             </dependency>
  36.             <dependency>
  37.                 <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  38.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
  39.                 <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
  40.                 <type>pom</type>
  41.                 <scope>import</scope>
  42.             </dependency>
  43.         </dependencies>
  44.     </dependencyManagement>
  46.     <dependencies>
  47.         <dependency>
  48.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  49.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  50.         </dependency>
  52.         <dependency>
  53.             <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  54.             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
  55.         </dependency>
  57.         <!--<dependency>
  58.             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  59.             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  60.         </dependency>-->
  62.         <dependency>
  63.             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  64.             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  65.             <optional>true</optional>
  66.         </dependency>
  68.         <dependency>
  69.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  70.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  71.             <scope>test</scope>
  72.         </dependency>
  73.     </dependencies>
  75.     <build>
  76.         <plugins>
  77.             <plugin>
  78.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  79.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  80.                 <configuration>
  81.                     <excludes>
  82.                         <exclude>
  83.                             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  84.                             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  85.                         </exclude>
  86.                     </excludes>
  87.                 </configuration>
  88.             </plugin>
  89.         </plugins>
  90.     </build>
  92. </project>

注意SpringBoot与SpringCloud的版本需要对应，否则会无法启动，点击这里查看版本对应关系。

第三步：创建主类，实现一个Http接口

  1. package com.example.demo;
  3. import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
  4. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  5. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  6. import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
  7. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
  8. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
  9. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  11. @EnableDiscoveryClient
  12. @SpringBootApplication
  13. public class AlibabaNacosDiscoveryServerApplication {
  15.     public static void main(String[] args) {
  16.         SpringApplication.run(AlibabaNacosDiscoveryServerApplication.class, args);
  17.     }
  19.     @Slf4j
  20.     @RestController
  21.     static class TestController {
  23.         @GetMapping("/echo/{message}")
  24.         public String hello(@PathVariable String message){
  25.             log.info("invoke message = {}", message);
  26.             return "[echo] : " + message;
  27.         }
  29.     }
  31. }

@SpringBootApplication定义SpringBoot应用，@EnableDiscoveryClient开启SpringCloud的服务注册与发现。

第四步：编辑application.properties，配置服务名称和Nacos地址

  1. spring.application.name=alibaba-nacos-discovery-server
  2. server.port=8001
  4. spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848

第五步：启动应用。
在应用启动好之后，可以在控制台看到如下内容，说明注册成功：

  1. INFO 18826 --- [           main] c.a.c.n.registry.NacosServiceRegistry    : nacos registry, DEFAULT_GROUP alibaba-nacos-discovery-server 192.168.31.174:8001 register finished

启动好之后，可以在Nacos管理页面http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos的「服务管理」-「服务列表」看到刚注册的服务：
image.png

服务消费者

第一步：创建SpringBoot应用（模块），命名为alibaba-nacos-discovery-client-common。
第二步：编辑pom.xml，加入依赖：

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  3.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  4.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5.     <groupId>com.example</groupId>
  6.     <artifactId>alibaba-nacos-discovery-client-common</artifactId>
  7.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  8.     <name>alibaba-nacos-discovery-client-common</name>
  9.     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
  10.     <properties>
  11.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  12.         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  13.         <java.version>11</java.version>
  15.         <spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
  16.         <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
  17.         <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud.version>
  18.     </properties>
  20.     <dependencyManagement>
  21.         <dependencies>
  22.             <dependency>
  23.                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  24.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
  25.                 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
  26.                 <type>pom</type>
  27.                 <scope>import</scope>
  28.             </dependency>
  29.             <dependency>
  30.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  31.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
  32.                 <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
  33.                 <type>pom</type>
  34.                 <scope>import</scope>
  35.             </dependency>
  36.             <dependency>
  37.                 <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  38.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
  39.                 <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
  40.                 <type>pom</type>
  41.                 <scope>import</scope>
  42.             </dependency>
  43.         </dependencies>
  44.     </dependencyManagement>
  47.     <dependencies>
  48.         <dependency>
  49.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  50.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  51.         </dependency>
  53.         <dependency>
  54.             <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  55.             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
  56.         </dependency>
  58.         <dependency>
  59.             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  60.             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  61.             <optional>true</optional>
  62.         </dependency>
  63.         <dependency>
  64.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  65.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  66.             <scope>test</scope>
  67.         </dependency>
  68.     </dependencies>
  70.     <build>
  71.         <plugins>
  72.             <plugin>
  73.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  74.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  75.                 <configuration>
  76.                     <excludes>
  77.                         <exclude>
  78.                             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  79.                             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  80.                         </exclude>
  81.                     </excludes>
  82.                 </configuration>
  83.             </plugin>
  84.         </plugins>
  85.     </build>
  87. </project>

第三步：创建主类，实现一个Http接口

  1. package com.example.alibabanacosdiscoveryclientcommon;
  3. import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
  4. import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
  5. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  6. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  7. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  8. import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
  9. import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
  10. import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
  11. import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
  12. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  13. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
  14. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
  15. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  16. import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
  18. @EnableDiscoveryClient
  19. @SpringBootApplication
  20. public class AlibabaNacosDiscoveryClientCommonApplication {
  22.     public static void main(String[] args) {
  23.         SpringApplication.run(AlibabaNacosDiscoveryClientCommonApplication.class, args);
  24.     }
  26.     @Slf4j
  27.     @RestController
  28.     static class RestTemplateController {
  30.         @LoadBalanced
  31.         @Bean
  32.         public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
  33.             return new RestTemplate();
  34.         }
  36.         @Autowired
  37.         @LoadBalanced
  38.         private RestTemplate restTemplate;
  40.         @GetMapping("call/echo/{message}")
  41.         public String callEcho(@PathVariable String message) {
  42.             // 已经注册的应用的名称
  43.             String serverName = "alibaba-nacos-discovery-server";
  44.             String url = "http://"+ serverName +"/echo/" + message;
  45.             return restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
  46.         }
  48.     }
  50. }

这里使用RestTemplate向实例发起HTTP请求，定义RestTemplate的时候，使用@LoadBalanced注解，这样在调用服务接口时，只需要拼接上实例名称和请求路径。而SpringCloud会通过负载均衡选出具体的节点来执行请求。

第四步：编辑application.properties，配置服务名称和Nacos地址

  1. spring.application.name=alibaba-nacos-discovery-client-common
  2. server.port=9001
  4. spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848

第五步：启动服务消费者，然后通过curl发起访问：

  1. $ curl http://localhost:9001/call/echo/something
  2. [echo] : something%

代码示例

  • Github：
  • Gitee：