https://www.cnblogs.com/powerwu/articles/12978664.html

配置 Nginx

如果你的 Java 项目使用了 Nginx 代理，那么还需要进行以下配置，才能顺利获取到真实的 IP，否则只能获取到 127.0.0.1。
在 Nginx 的配置文件里，找到你 Java 项目的配置，在 location 里添加以下代码：

  1. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  2. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

注意：修改 Nginx 配置文件后，需要重新加载配置文件（nginx -s reload）。

$remote_addr ：与$http_x_forwarded_for用以记录客户端的ip地址；
$remote_user ：记录客户端用户的名称；
$time_local ：访问时间及时区；
$request ：请求的URL与HTTP协议；
$status ：记录请求状态
$body_bytes_sent：记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小；
$http_referer：用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的；
$http_user_agent：记录客户端浏览器的相关信息
access_log /usr/local/nginx/var/log/access.log main ; 这句话是日志文件存放的位置

java代码

  1. public class IpUtil {
  2.     public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
  3.         String ipAddress = null;
  4.         try {
  5.             ipAddress = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
  6.             if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
  7.                 ipAddress = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
  8.             }
  9.             if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
  10.                 ipAddress = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
  11.             }
  12.             if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
  13.                 ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
  14.                 if (ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1")) {
  15.                     // 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
  16.                     InetAddress inet = null;
  17.                     try {
  18.                         inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
  19.                     } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
  20.                         e.printStackTrace();
  21.                     }
  22.                     ipAddress = inet.getHostAddress();
  23.                 }
  24.             }
  25.             // 对于通过多个代理的情况，第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
  26.             if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress.length() > 15) { // "***.***.***.***".length()
  27.                 // = 15
  28.                 if (ipAddress.indexOf(",") > 0) {
  29.                     ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, ipAddress.indexOf(","));
  30.                 }
  31.             }
  32.         } catch (Exception e) {
  33.             ipAddress="";
  34.         }
  35.         // ipAddress = this.getRequest().getRemoteAddr();
  37.         return ipAddress;
  38.     }
  39. }
  1. public String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) { 
  2.         String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); 
  3.         if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
  4.           ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); 
  5.         } 
  6.         if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
  7.           ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); 
  8.         } 
  9.         if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
  10.           ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); 
  11.         } 
  12.         if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
  13.           ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); 
  14.         } 
  15.         if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { 
  16.           ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); 
  17.         } 
  18.         return ip; 
  19.       }