Structs {.en}

结构体 {.zh}

::: {.en} Go’s structs are typed collections of fields. They’re useful for grouping data together to form records. :::

::: {.zh}

Go 的结构体是带类型的字段集合。这在组织数据时非常有用。

:::

package main
import "fmt"

::: {.en} This person struct type has name and age fields. :::

::: {.zh}

这个 person 结构体有name和age字段。

:::

type person struct {
    name string
    age  int
}
func main() {

::: {.en} This syntax creates a new struct. :::

::: {.zh}

此语法创建一个新结构体元素。

:::

    fmt.Println(person{"Bob", 20})

::: {.en} You can name the fields when initializing a struct. :::

::: {.zh}

您可以在初始化结构体元素时指定字段名字。

:::

    fmt.Println(person{name: "Alice", age: 30})

::: {.en} Omitted fields will be zero-valued. :::

::: {.zh}

省略的字段将被初始化为零值。

:::

    fmt.Println(person{name: "Fred"})

::: {.en} An & prefix yields a pointer to the struct. :::

::: {.zh}

& 前缀生成指向结构体的指针。

:::

    fmt.Println(&person{name: "Ann", age: 40})

::: {.en} Access struct fields with a dot. :::

::: {.zh}

使用点（.）访问结构体字段。

:::

    s := person{name: "Sean", age: 50}
    fmt.Println(s.name)

::: {.en} You can also use dots with struct pointers - the pointers are automatically dereferenced. :::

::: {.zh}

也可以对结构体指针使用 . - 指针会被自动解引用。

:::

    sp := &s
    fmt.Println(sp.age)

::: {.en} Structs are mutable. :::

::: {.zh}

结构体是可变（mutable）的。

:::

    sp.age = 51
    fmt.Println(sp.age)
}

$ go run structs.go
{Bob 20}
{Alice 30}
{Fred 0}
&{Ann 40}
Sean
50
51