精确匹配查询

执行简单的精确匹配查询

精确匹配查询可以选择所有在指定字段上与特定值相匹配的文档。

你可以对多种字段类型执行精确匹配查询，具体的查询语法取决于字段类型。

本文中的示例使用以下 schema：

你可以在 快速入门指南 中了解更多关于创建索引和加载示例数据的细节。

数值字段

在数值字段上执行精确匹配查询时，需要构造一个起始值和结束值相同的范围查询：

FT.SEARCH index "@field:[value value]"
或
FT.SEARCH index "@field:[value]" DIALECT 2 # 需要 v2.10
或
FT.SEARCH index "@field==value" DIALECT 2 # 需要 v2.10

如在 范围查询文章 中描述的，你还可以使用 FILTER 参数：

FT.SEARCH index "*" FILTER field start end

以下示例展示了如何查询价格恰好为 270 美元的自行车：

_ Redis CLI

> FT.SEARCH idx:bicycle "@price:[270 270]"
1) (integer) 1
2) "bicycle:0"
3) 1) "$"
   2) "{\"pickup_zone\":\"POLYGON((-74.0610 40.7578, ..."
> FT.SEARCH idx:bicycle "@price:[270]" # 需要 v2.10
1) (integer) 1
2) "bicycle:0"
3) 1) "$"
   2) "{\"pickup_zone\":\"POLYGON((-74.0610 40.7578, ..."
> FT.SEARCH idx:bicycle "@price==270" # 需要 v2.10
1) (integer) 1
2) "bicycle:0"
3) 1) "$"
   2) "{\"pickup_zone\":\"POLYGON((-74.0610 40.7578, ..."
> FT.SEARCH idx:bicycle "*" FILTER price 270 270
1) (integer) 1
2) "bicycle:0"
3) 1) "$"
   2) "{\"pickup_zone\":\"POLYGON((-74.0610 40.7578, ..."

✅ 提示：厌倦了使用 redis-cli？试试 Redis Insight —— 专为 Redis 开发者设计的图形化界面。

获取 Redis Insight

Python

import json
import redis
from redis.commands.json.path import Path
from redis.commands.search.field import TextField, NumericField, TagField
from redis.commands.search.indexDefinition import IndexDefinition, IndexType
from redis.commands.search.query import NumericFilter, Query
r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)
# create index
schema = (
    TextField("$.description", as_name="description"),
    NumericField("$.price", as_name="price"),
    TagField("$.condition", as_name="condition"),
)
index = r.ft("idx:bicycle")
index.create_index(
    schema,
    definition=IndexDefinition(prefix=["bicycle:"], index_type=IndexType.JSON),
)
# load data
with open("data/query_em.json") as f:
    bicycles = json.load(f)
pipeline = r.pipeline(transaction=False)
for bid, bicycle in enumerate(bicycles):
    pipeline.json().set(f'bicycle:{bid}', Path.root_path(), bicycle)
pipeline.execute()
res = index.search(Query("@price:[270 270]"))
print(res.total)
# >>> 1
try:
    res = index.search(Query("@price:[270]")) # not yet supported in redis-py
    print(res.total)
    # >>> 1
    assert res.total == 1
except:
    print("'@price:[270]' syntax not yet supported.")
try:
    res = index.search(Query("@price==270")) # not yet supported in redis-py
    print(res.total)
    # >>> 1
    assert res.total == 1
except:
    print("'@price==270' syntax not yet supported.")
query = Query("*").add_filter(NumericFilter("price", 270, 270))
res = index.search(query)
print(res.total)
# >>> 1
res = index.search(Query("@condition:{new}"))
print(res.total)
# >>> 5
schema = (
    TagField("$.email", as_name="email")
)
idx_email = r.ft("idx:email")
idx_email.create_index(
    schema,
    definition=IndexDefinition(prefix=["key:"], index_type=IndexType.JSON),
)
r.json().set('key:1', Path.root_path(), '{"email": "test@redis.com"}')
try:
    res = idx_email.search(Query("test@redis.com").dialect(2))
    print(res)
except:
    print("'test@redis.com' syntax not yet supported.")
res = index.search(Query("@description:\"rough terrain\""))
print(res.total)
# >>> 1 (Result{1 total, docs: [Document {'id': 'bicycle:8'...)

Python Quick-Start

Node.js

import assert from 'node:assert';
import fs from 'node:fs';
import { createClient, SchemaFieldTypes, AggregateGroupByReducers, AggregateSteps} from 'redis';
const client = createClient();
await client.connect().catch(console.error);
// create index
await client.ft.create('idx:bicycle', {
  '$.description': {
    type: SchemaFieldTypes.TEXT,
    AS: 'description'
  },
  '$.price': {
    type: SchemaFieldTypes.NUMERIC,
    AS: 'price'
  },
  '$.condition': {
    type: SchemaFieldTypes.TAG,
    AS: 'condition'
  }
}, {
    ON: 'JSON',
    PREFIX: 'bicycle:'
})
// load data
const bicycles = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync('data/query_em.json', 'utf8'));
await Promise.all(
  bicycles.map((bicycle, bid) => {
      return client.json.set(`bicycle:${bid}`, '$', bicycle);
  })
);
const res1 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '@price:[270 270]');
console.log(res1.total); // >>> 1
try {
    const res2 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '@price:[270]');
    console.log(res2.total); // >>> 1
    assert.strictEqual(res2.total, 1);
} catch (err) {
    console.log("'@price:[270]' syntax not yet supported.");
}
try {
    const res3 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '@price==270');
    console.log(res3.total); // >>> 1
    assert.strictEqual(res3.total, 1);
} catch (err) {
    console.log("'@price==270' syntax not yet supported.");
}
// FILTER is not supported
// const res4 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '*', {
//   FILTER: {
//       field: 'price',
//       min: 270,
//       max: 270,
//   }
// });
// console.log(res4.total); // >>> 1
const res5 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '@condition:{new}');
console.log(res5.total); // >>> 5
await client.ft.create('idx:email', {
  '$.email': {
    type: SchemaFieldTypes.TAG,
    AS: 'email'
  }
}, {
  ON: 'JSON',
  PREFIX: 'key:'
})
await client.json.set('key:1', '$', { email: 'test@redis.com' });
try {
    const res6 = await client.ft.search('idx:email', 'test@redis.com', { DIALECT: 2 });
    console.log(res6);
} catch (err) {
    console.log("'test@redis.com' syntax not yet supported.");
}
const res7 = await client.ft.search('idx:bicycle', '@description:"rough terrain"');
console.log(res7.total); // >>> 1 (Result{1 total, docs: [Document {'id': 'bicycle:8'...)